- <hr align="LEFT" width="100%">
- </div>
- <div class="SECT1">
- <h1 class="SECT1">
- <a name="APPENDIX">14. Appendix</a>
- </h1>
- <div class="SECT2">
- <h2 class="SECT2">
- <a name="REGEX">14.1. Regular Expressions</a>
- </h2>
- <p>
- <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> uses Perl-style <span
- class="QUOTE">"regular expressions"</span> in its <a href=
- "actions-file.html">actions files</a> and <a href=
- "filter-file.html">filter file</a>, through the <a href=
- "http://www.pcre.org/" target="_top">PCRE</a> and <span class=
- "APPLICATION">PCRS</span> libraries.
- </p>
- <p>
- If you are reading this, you probably don't understand what <span
- class="QUOTE">"regular expressions"</span> are, or what they can
- do. So this will be a very brief introduction only. A full
- explanation would require a <a href=
- "http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/regex/" target="_top">book</a> ;-)
- </p>
- <p>
- Regular expressions provide a language to describe patterns that
- can be run against strings of characters (letter, numbers, etc), to
- see if they match the string or not. The patterns are themselves
- (sometimes complex) strings of literal characters, combined with
- wild-cards, and other special characters, called meta-characters.
- The <span class="QUOTE">"meta-characters"</span> have special
- meanings and are used to build complex patterns to be matched
- against. Perl Compatible Regular Expressions are an especially
- convenient <span class="QUOTE">"dialect"</span> of the regular
- expression language.
- </p>
- <p>
- To make a simple analogy, we do something similar when we use
- wild-card characters when listing files with the <b class=
- "COMMAND">dir</b> command in DOS. <tt class="LITERAL">*.*</tt>
- matches all filenames. The <span class="QUOTE">"special"</span>
- character here is the asterisk which matches any and all
- characters. We can be more specific and use <tt class=
- "LITERAL">?</tt> to match just individual characters. So <span
- class="QUOTE">"dir file?.text"</span> would match <span class=
- "QUOTE">"file1.txt"</span>, <span class="QUOTE">"file2.txt"</span>,
- etc. We are pattern matching, using a similar technique to <span
- class="QUOTE">"regular expressions"</span>!
- </p>
- <p>
- Regular expressions do essentially the same thing, but are much,
- much more powerful. There are many more <span class=
- "QUOTE">"special characters"</span> and ways of building complex
- patterns however. Let's look at a few of the common ones, and then
- some examples:
- </p>
- <table border="0">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">.</i></span> -
- Matches any single character, e.g. <span class=
- "QUOTE">"a"</span>, <span class="QUOTE">"A"</span>, <span
- class="QUOTE">"4"</span>, <span class="QUOTE">":"</span>, or
- <span class="QUOTE">"@"</span>.
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
-
- <table border="0">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">?</i></span> - The
- preceding character or expression is matched ZERO or ONE
- times. Either/or.
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
-
- <table border="0">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">+</i></span> - The
- preceding character or expression is matched ONE or MORE
- times.
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
-
- <table border="0">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">*</i></span> - The
- preceding character or expression is matched ZERO or MORE
- times.
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
-
- <table border="0">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">\</i></span> - The
- <span class="QUOTE">"escape"</span> character denotes that
- the following character should be taken literally. This is
- used where one of the special characters (e.g. <span class=
- "QUOTE">"."</span>) needs to be taken literally and not as a
- special meta-character. Example: <span class=
- "QUOTE">"example\.com"</span>, makes sure the period is
- recognized only as a period (and not expanded to its
- meta-character meaning of any single character).
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
-
- <table border="0">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">[ ]</i></span> -
- Characters enclosed in brackets will be matched if any of the
- enclosed characters are encountered. For instance, <span
- class="QUOTE">"[0-9]"</span> matches any numeric digit (zero
- through nine). As an example, we can combine this with <span
- class="QUOTE">"+"</span> to match any digit one of more
- times: <span class="QUOTE">"[0-9]+"</span>.
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
-
- <table border="0">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">( )</i></span> -
- parentheses are used to group a sub-expression, or multiple
- sub-expressions.
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
-
- <table border="0">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">|</i></span> - The
- <span class="QUOTE">"bar"</span> character works like an
- <span class="QUOTE">"or"</span> conditional statement. A
- match is successful if the sub-expression on either side of
- <span class="QUOTE">"|"</span> matches. As an example: <span
- class="QUOTE">"/(this|that) example/"</span> uses grouping
- and the bar character and would match either <span class=
- "QUOTE">"this example"</span> or <span class="QUOTE">"that
- example"</span>, and nothing else.
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
-
- <p>
- These are just some of the ones you are likely to use when matching
- URLs with <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span>, and is a long
- way from a definitive list. This is enough to get us started with a
- few simple examples which may be more illuminating:
- </p>
- <p>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><tt class=
- "LITERAL">/.*/banners/.*</tt></i></span> - A simple example that
- uses the common combination of <span class="QUOTE">"."</span> and
- <span class="QUOTE">"*"</span> to denote any character, zero or
- more times. In other words, any string at all. So we start with a
- literal forward slash, then our regular expression pattern (<span
- class="QUOTE">".*"</span>) another literal forward slash, the
- string <span class="QUOTE">"banners"</span>, another forward slash,
- and lastly another <span class="QUOTE">".*"</span>. We are building
- a directory path here. This will match any file with the path that
- has a directory named <span class="QUOTE">"banners"</span> in it.
- The <span class="QUOTE">".*"</span> matches any characters, and
- this could conceivably be more forward slashes, so it might expand
- into a much longer looking path. For example, this could match:
- <span class=
- "QUOTE">"/eye/hate/spammers/banners/annoy_me_please.gif"</span>, or
- just <span class="QUOTE">"/banners/annoying.html"</span>, or almost
- an infinite number of other possible combinations, just so it has
- <span class="QUOTE">"banners"</span> in the path somewhere.
- </p>
- <p>
- And now something a little more complex:
- </p>
- <p>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><tt class=
- "LITERAL">/.*/adv((er)?ts?|ertis(ing|ements?))?/</tt></i></span> -
- We have several literal forward slashes again (<span class=
- "QUOTE">"/"</span>), so we are building another expression that is
- a file path statement. We have another <span class=
- "QUOTE">".*"</span>, so we are matching against any conceivable
- sub-path, just so it matches our expression. The only true literal
- that <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">must
- match</i></span> our pattern is <span class=
- "APPLICATION">adv</span>, together with the forward slashes. What
- comes after the <span class="QUOTE">"adv"</span> string is the
- interesting part.
- </p>
- <p>
- Remember the <span class="QUOTE">"?"</span> means the preceding
- expression (either a literal character or anything grouped with
- <span class="QUOTE">"(...)"</span> in this case) can exist or not,
- since this means either zero or one match. So <span class=
- "QUOTE">"((er)?ts?|ertis(ing|ements?))"</span> is optional, as are
- the individual sub-expressions: <span class="QUOTE">"(er)"</span>,
- <span class="QUOTE">"(ing|ements?)"</span>, and the <span class=
- "QUOTE">"s"</span>. The <span class="QUOTE">"|"</span> means <span
- class="QUOTE">"or"</span>. We have two of those. For instance,
- <span class="QUOTE">"(ing|ements?)"</span>, can expand to match
- either <span class="QUOTE">"ing"</span> <span class="emphasis"><i
- class="EMPHASIS">OR</i></span> <span class=
- "QUOTE">"ements?"</span>. What is being done here, is an attempt at
- matching as many variations of <span class=
- "QUOTE">"advertisement"</span>, and similar, as possible. So this
- would expand to match just <span class="QUOTE">"adv"</span>, or
- <span class="QUOTE">"advert"</span>, or <span class=
- "QUOTE">"adverts"</span>, or <span class=
- "QUOTE">"advertising"</span>, or <span class=
- "QUOTE">"advertisement"</span>, or <span class=
- "QUOTE">"advertisements"</span>. You get the idea. But it would not
- match <span class="QUOTE">"advertizements"</span> (with a <span
- class="QUOTE">"z"</span>). We could fix that by changing our
- regular expression to: <span class=
- "QUOTE">"/.*/adv((er)?ts?|erti(s|z)(ing|ements?))?/"</span>, which
- would then match either spelling.
- </p>
- <p>
- <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><tt class=
- "LITERAL">/.*/advert[0-9]+\.(gif|jpe?g)</tt></i></span> - Again
- another path statement with forward slashes. Anything in the square
- brackets <span class="QUOTE">"[ ]"</span> can be matched. This is
- using <span class="QUOTE">"0-9"</span> as a shorthand expression to
- mean any digit one through nine. It is the same as saying <span
- class="QUOTE">"0123456789"</span>. So any digit matches. The <span
- class="QUOTE">"+"</span> means one or more of the preceding
- expression must be included. The preceding expression here is what
- is in the square brackets -- in this case, any digit one through
- nine. Then, at the end, we have a grouping: <span class=
- "QUOTE">"(gif|jpe?g)"</span>. This includes a <span class=
- "QUOTE">"|"</span>, so this needs to match the expression on either
- side of that bar character also. A simple <span class=
- "QUOTE">"gif"</span> on one side, and the other side will in turn
- match either <span class="QUOTE">"jpeg"</span> or <span class=
- "QUOTE">"jpg"</span>, since the <span class="QUOTE">"?"</span>
- means the letter <span class="QUOTE">"e"</span> is optional and can
- be matched once or not at all. So we are building an expression
- here to match image GIF or JPEG type image file. It must include
- the literal string <span class="QUOTE">"advert"</span>, then one or
- more digits, and a <span class="QUOTE">"."</span> (which is now a
- literal, and not a special character, since it is escaped with
- <span class="QUOTE">"\"</span>), and lastly either <span class=
- "QUOTE">"gif"</span>, or <span class="QUOTE">"jpeg"</span>, or
- <span class="QUOTE">"jpg"</span>. Some possible matches would
- include: <span class="QUOTE">"//advert1.jpg"</span>, <span class=
- "QUOTE">"/nasty/ads/advert1234.gif"</span>, <span class=
- "QUOTE">"/banners/from/hell/advert99.jpg"</span>. It would not
- match <span class="QUOTE">"advert1.gif"</span> (no leading slash),
- or <span class="QUOTE">"/adverts232.jpg"</span> (the expression
- does not include an <span class="QUOTE">"s"</span>), or <span
- class="QUOTE">"/advert1.jsp"</span> (<span class=
- "QUOTE">"jsp"</span> is not in the expression anywhere).
- </p>
- <p>
- We are barely scratching the surface of regular expressions here so
- that you can understand the default <span class=
- "APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> configuration files, and maybe use
- this knowledge to customize your own installation. There is much,
- much more that can be done with regular expressions. Now that you
- know enough to get started, you can learn more on your own :/
- </p>
- <p>
- More reading on Perl Compatible Regular expressions: <a href=
- "http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html" target=
- "_top">http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html</a>
- </p>
- <p>
- For information on regular expression based substitutions and their
- applications in filters, please see the <a href=
- "filter-file.html">filter file tutorial</a> in this manual.
- </p>
- </div>
- <div class="SECT2">
- <h2 class="SECT2">
- <a name="INTERNAL-PAGES">14.2. Privoxy's Internal Pages</a>
- </h2>
- <p>
- Since <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> proxies each
- requested web page, it is easy for <span class=
- "APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> to trap certain special URLs. In this
- way, we can talk directly to <span class=
- "APPLICATION">Privoxy</span>, and see how it is configured, see how
- our rules are being applied, change these rules and other
- configuration options, and even turn <span class=
- "APPLICATION">Privoxy's</span> filtering off, all with a web
- browser.
- </p>
- <p>
- The URLs listed below are the special ones that allow direct access
- to <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span>. Of course, <span
- class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> must be running to access these.
- If not, you will get a friendly error message. Internet access is
- not necessary either.
- </p>
- <p>
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- <p>
- Privoxy main page:
- </p>
- <a name="AEN5964"></a>
- <blockquote class="BLOCKQUOTE">
- <p>
- <a href="http://config.privoxy.org/" target=
- "_top">http://config.privoxy.org/</a>
- </p>
- </blockquote>
- <p>
- There is a shortcut: <a href="http://p.p/" target=
- "_top">http://p.p/</a> (But it doesn't provide a fall-back to a
- real page, in case the request is not sent through <span class=
- "APPLICATION">Privoxy</span>)
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Show information about the current configuration, including
- viewing and editing of actions files:
- </p>
- <a name="AEN5972"></a>
- <blockquote class="BLOCKQUOTE">
- <p>
- <a href="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status" target=
- "_top">http://config.privoxy.org/show-status</a>
- </p>
- </blockquote>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Show the source code version numbers:
- </p>
- <a name="AEN5977"></a>
- <blockquote class="BLOCKQUOTE">
- <p>
- <a href="http://config.privoxy.org/show-version" target=
- "_top">http://config.privoxy.org/show-version</a>
- </p>
- </blockquote>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Show the browser's request headers:
- </p>
- <a name="AEN5982"></a>
- <blockquote class="BLOCKQUOTE">
- <p>
- <a href="http://config.privoxy.org/show-request" target=
- "_top">http://config.privoxy.org/show-request</a>
- </p>
- </blockquote>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Show which actions apply to a URL and why:
- </p>
- <a name="AEN5987"></a>
- <blockquote class="BLOCKQUOTE">
- <p>
- <a href="http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info" target=
- "_top">http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info</a>
- </p>
- </blockquote>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Toggle Privoxy on or off. This feature can be turned off/on in
- the main <tt class="FILENAME">config</tt> file. When toggled
- <span class="QUOTE">"off"</span>, <span class=
- "QUOTE">"Privoxy"</span> continues to run, but only as a
- pass-through proxy, with no actions taking place:
- </p>
- <a name="AEN5995"></a>
- <blockquote class="BLOCKQUOTE">
- <p>
- <a href="http://config.privoxy.org/toggle" target=
- "_top">http://config.privoxy.org/toggle</a>
- </p>
- </blockquote>
- <p>
- Short cuts. Turn off, then on:
- </p>
- <a name="AEN5999"></a>
- <blockquote class="BLOCKQUOTE">
- <p>
- <a href="http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?set=disable"
- target=
- "_top">http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?set=disable</a>
- </p>
- </blockquote>
- <a name="AEN6002"></a>
- <blockquote class="BLOCKQUOTE">
- <p>
- <a href="http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?set=enable" target=
- "_top">http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?set=enable</a>
- </p>
- </blockquote>
- </li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <div class="SECT2">
- <h2 class="SECT2">
- <a name="CHAIN">14.3. Chain of Events</a>
- </h2>
- <p>
- Let's take a quick look at how some of <span class=
- "APPLICATION">Privoxy's</span> core features are triggered, and the
- ensuing sequence of events when a web page is requested by your
- browser:
- </p>
- <p>
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- <p>
- First, your web browser requests a web page. The browser knows
- to send the request to <span class=
- "APPLICATION">Privoxy</span>, which will in turn, relay the
- request to the remote web server after passing the following
- tests:
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> traps any request for
- its own internal CGI pages (e.g <a href="http://p.p/" target=
- "_top">http://p.p/</a>) and sends the CGI page back to the
- browser.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Next, <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> checks to see if
- the URL matches any <a href="actions-file.html#BLOCK"><span
- class="QUOTE">"+block"</span></a> patterns. If so, the URL is
- then blocked, and the remote web server will not be contacted.
- <a href="actions-file.html#HANDLE-AS-IMAGE"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+handle-as-image"</span></a> and <a href=
- "actions-file.html#HANDLE-AS-EMPTY-DOCUMENT"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+handle-as-empty-document"</span></a> are then
- checked, and if there is no match, an HTML <span class=
- "QUOTE">"BLOCKED"</span> page is sent back to the browser.
- Otherwise, if it does match, an image is returned for the
- former, and an empty text document for the latter. The type of
- image would depend on the setting of <a href=
- "actions-file.html#SET-IMAGE-BLOCKER"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+set-image-blocker"</span></a> (blank, checkerboard
- pattern, or an HTTP redirect to an image elsewhere).
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Untrusted URLs are blocked. If URLs are being added to the <tt
- class="FILENAME">trust</tt> file, then that is done.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- If the URL pattern matches the <a href=
- "actions-file.html#FAST-REDIRECTS"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+fast-redirects"</span></a> action, it is then
- processed. Unwanted parts of the requested URL are stripped.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Now the rest of the client browser's request headers are
- processed. If any of these match any of the relevant actions
- (e.g. <a href="actions-file.html#HIDE-USER-AGENT"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+hide-user-agent"</span></a>, etc.), headers are
- suppressed or forged as determined by these actions and their
- parameters.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Now the web server starts sending its response back (i.e.
- typically a web page).
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- First, the server headers are read and processed to determine,
- among other things, the MIME type (document type) and encoding.
- The headers are then filtered as determined by the <a href=
- "actions-file.html#CRUNCH-INCOMING-COOKIES"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+crunch-incoming-cookies"</span></a>, <a href=
- "actions-file.html#SESSION-COOKIES-ONLY"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+session-cookies-only"</span></a>, and <a href=
- "actions-file.html#DOWNGRADE-HTTP-VERSION"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+downgrade-http-version"</span></a> actions.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- If any <a href="actions-file.html#FILTER"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+filter"</span></a> action or <a href=
- "actions-file.html#DEANIMATE-GIFS"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+deanimate-gifs"</span></a> action applies (and the
- document type fits the action), the rest of the page is read
- into memory (up to a configurable limit). Then the filter rules
- (from <tt class="FILENAME">default.filter</tt> and any other
- filter files) are processed against the buffered content.
- Filters are applied in the order they are specified in one of
- the filter files. Animated GIFs, if present, are reduced to
- either the first or last frame, depending on the action
- setting.The entire page, which is now filtered, is then sent by
- <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> back to your browser.
- </p>
- <p>
- If neither a <a href="actions-file.html#FILTER"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+filter"</span></a> action or <a href=
- "actions-file.html#DEANIMATE-GIFS"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+deanimate-gifs"</span></a> matches, then <span class=
- "APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> passes the raw data through to the
- client browser as it becomes available.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- As the browser receives the now (possibly filtered) page
- content, it reads and then requests any URLs that may be
- embedded within the page source, e.g. ad images, stylesheets,
- JavaScript, other HTML documents (e.g. frames), sounds, etc.
- For each of these objects, the browser issues a separate
- request (this is easily viewable in <span class=
- "APPLICATION">Privoxy's</span> logs). And each such request is
- in turn processed just as above. Note that a complex web page
- will have many, many such embedded URLs. If these secondary
- requests are to a different server, then quite possibly a very
- differing set of actions is triggered.
- </p>
- </li>
- </ul>
-
- <p>
- NOTE: This is somewhat of a simplistic overview of what happens
- with each URL request. For the sake of brevity and simplicity, we
- have focused on <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy's</span> core
- features only.
- </p>
- </div>
- <div class="SECT2">
- <h2 class="SECT2">
- <a name="ACTIONSANAT">14.4. Troubleshooting: Anatomy of an
- Action</a>
- </h2>
- <p>
- The way <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> applies <a href=
- "actions-file.html#ACTIONS">actions</a> and <a href=
- "actions-file.html#FILTER">filters</a> to any given URL can be
- complex, and not always so easy to understand what is happening.
- And sometimes we need to be able to <span class="emphasis"><i
- class="EMPHASIS">see</i></span> just what <span class=
- "APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> is doing. Especially, if something
- <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> is doing is causing us a
- problem inadvertently. It can be a little daunting to look at the
- actions and filters files themselves, since they tend to be filled
- with <a href="appendix.html#REGEX">regular expressions</a> whose
- consequences are not always so obvious.
- </p>
- <p>
- One quick test to see if <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span>
- is causing a problem or not, is to disable it temporarily. This
- should be the first troubleshooting step (be sure to flush caches
- afterward!). Looking at the logs is a good idea too. (Note that
- both the toggle feature and logging are enabled via <tt class=
- "FILENAME">config</tt> file settings, and may need to be turned
- <span class="QUOTE">"on"</span>.)
- </p>
- <p>
- Another easy troubleshooting step to try is if you have done any
- customization of your installation, revert back to the installed
- defaults and see if that helps. There are times the developers get
- complaints about one thing or another, and the problem is more
- related to a customized configuration issue.
- </p>
- <p>
- <span class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> also provides the <a href=
- "http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info" target=
- "_top">http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info</a> page that can
- show us very specifically how <span class=
- "APPLICATION">actions</span> are being applied to any given URL.
- This is a big help for troubleshooting.
- </p>
- <p>
- First, enter one URL (or partial URL) at the prompt, and then <span
- class="APPLICATION">Privoxy</span> will tell us how the current
- configuration will handle it. This will not help with filtering
- effects (i.e. the <a href="actions-file.html#FILTER"><span class=
- "QUOTE">"+filter"</span></a> action) from one of the filter files
- since this is handled very differently and not so easy to trap! It
- also will not tell you about any other URLs that may be embedded
- within the URL you are testing. For instance, images such as ads
- are expressed as URLs within the raw page source of HTML pages. So
- you will only get info for the actual URL that is pasted into the
- prompt area -- not any sub-URLs. If you want to know about embedded
- URLs like ads, you will have to dig those out of the HTML source.
- Use your browser's <span class="QUOTE">"View Page Source"</span>
- option for this. Or right click on the ad, and grab the URL.
- </p>
- <p>
- Let's try an example, <a href="http://google.com" target=
- "_top">google.com</a>, and look at it one section at a time in a
- sample configuration (your real configuration may vary):
- </p>
- <p>
- </p>
- <table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">