more updates for mac os x

[privoxy.git] / doc / source / user-manual.sgml

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<!--
 File        :  $Source: /cvsroot/ijbswa/current/doc/source/user-manual.sgml,v $

 Purpose     :  user manual
                This file belongs into
                ijbswa.sourceforge.net:/home/groups/i/ij/ijbswa/htdocs/

 $Id: user-manual.sgml,v 2.59 2008/02/11 00:52:34 markm68k Exp $

 Copyright (C) 2001-2008 Privoxy Developers http://www.privoxy.org/
 See LICENSE.

 ========================================================================
 NOTE: Please read developer-manual/documentation.html before touching 
 anything in this, or other Privoxy documentation.
 ========================================================================

-->

<article id="index">
<artheader>

<title>Privoxy &p-version; User Manual</title>

<pubdate>
 <subscript>
<!-- Completely the wrong markup, but very little is allowed  -->
<!-- in this part of an article. FIXME -->
 <link linkend="copyright">Copyright</link> &my-copy; 2001 - 2008 by 
 <ulink url="http://www.privoxy.org/">Privoxy Developers</ulink>
 </subscript>
</pubdate>

<pubdate>$Id: user-manual.sgml,v 2.59 2008/02/11 00:52:34 markm68k Exp $</pubdate>

<!--

Note: the following should generate a separate page, and a live link to it,
all nicely done. But it doesn't for some mysterious reason. Please leave
commented unless it can be fixed proper. For the time being, the
copyright/license declarations will be in their own sgml.

Hal.


-->


<abstract>

<![%dummy;[
 <para>
 <comment>
  This is here to keep vim syntax file from breaking :/
  If I knew enough to fix it, I would.
  PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE! HB: hal@foobox.net
 </comment>
 </para>
]]>

 <para>
  The <citetitle>Privoxy User Manual</citetitle> gives users information on how to
  install, configure and use <ulink
  url="http://www.privoxy.org/">Privoxy</ulink>.
 </para>

<!-- Include privoxy.sgml boilerplate: -->
 &p-intro;
<!-- end privoxy.sgml -->

 <para>
  You can find the latest version of the <citetitle>Privoxy User Manual</citetitle> at  <ulink
  url="http://www.privoxy.org/user-manual/">http://www.privoxy.org/user-manual/</ulink>.
  Please see the <link linkend="contact">Contact section</link> on how to
  contact the developers.
 </para>

<!--   <para> -->
<!--    Feel free to send a note to the developers at <email>ijbswa-developers@lists.sourceforge.net</email>. -->
<!--   </para> -->
</abstract>

</artheader>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect1 label="1" id="introduction"><title>Introduction</title>
<para>
 This documentation is included with the current &p-status; version of
 <application>Privoxy</application>, v.&p-version;<![%p-not-stable;[, 
 and is mostly complete at this point. The most up to date reference for the
 time being is still the comments in the source files and in the individual
 configuration files. Development of a new version is currently nearing
 completion, and includes significant changes and enhancements over
 earlier versions. ]]>.
</para>

<!-- include only in non-stable versions -->
<![%p-not-stable;[
<para>
 Since this is a &p-status; version, not all new features are well tested. This
 documentation may be slightly out of sync as a result (especially with 
 CVS sources). And there <emphasis>may be</emphasis> bugs, though hopefully
 not many! 
</para>
]]>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2 id="features"><title>Features</title>
<para>
 In addition to the core 
 features of ad blocking and 
 <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_cookie">cookie</ulink> management,
 <application>Privoxy</application> provides many supplemental
 features<![%p-not-stable;[, some of them currently under development]]>, 
 that give the end-user more control, more privacy and more freedom:
</para>
<!-- Include newfeatures.sgml boilerplate here: -->
 &newfeatures;
<!-- end boilerplate -->
</sect2>

</sect1>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect1 id="installation"><title>Installation</title>

<para>
 <application>Privoxy</application> is available both in convenient pre-compiled
 packages for a wide range of operating systems, and as raw source code.
 For most users, we recommend using the packages, which can be downloaded from our
 <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/ijbswa/">Privoxy Project
 Page</ulink>.
</para>

<para>
 Note: 
 On some platforms, the installer may remove previously installed versions, if 
 found. (See below for your platform). In any case <emphasis>be sure to backup
 your old configuration if it is valuable to you.</emphasis> See the <link
 linkend="upgradersnote">note to upgraders</link> section below.
</para>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     --> 
<sect2 id="installation-packages"><title>Binary Packages</title>
<para>
How to install the binary packages depends on your operating system:
</para>

<!-- XXX: The installation sections should be sorted -->

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 id="installation-pack-rpm"><title>Red Hat and Fedora RPMs</title>

<para>
 RPMs can be installed with <literal>rpm -Uvh privoxy-&p-version;-1.rpm</literal>,
 and will use <filename>/etc/privoxy</filename> for the location 
 of configuration files.
</para>

<para>
 Note that on Red Hat, <application>Privoxy</application> will
 <emphasis>not</emphasis> be automatically started on system boot. You will
 need to enable that using <command>chkconfig</command>,
 <command>ntsysv</command>, or similar methods. 
</para>

<para>
 If you have problems with failed dependencies, try rebuilding the SRC RPM: 
 <literal>rpm --rebuild privoxy-&p-version;-1.src.rpm</literal>. This 
 will use your locally installed libraries and RPM version. 
</para>

<para>
 Also note that if you have a <application>Junkbuster</application> RPM installed
 on your system, you need to remove it first, because the packages conflict.
 Otherwise, RPM will try to remove <application>Junkbuster</application>
 automatically if found, before installing <application>Privoxy</application>.
</para>
</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 id="installation-deb"><title>Debian and Ubuntu</title>
<para>
 DEBs can be installed with <literal>apt-get install privoxy</literal>,
 and will use <filename>/etc/privoxy</filename> for the location of 
 configuration files.
</para>
</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 id="installation-pack-win"><title>Windows</title>

<para>
 Just double-click the installer, which will guide you through
 the installation process. You will find the configuration files
 in the same directory as you installed <application>Privoxy</application> in. 
</para>
<para>
 Version 3.0.5 beta introduced full <application>Windows</application> service
 functionality. On Windows only, the <application>Privoxy</application>
 program has two new command line arguments to install and uninstall
 <application>Privoxy</application> as a <emphasis>service</emphasis>.
</para>
 <variablelist>
  <varlistentry>
   <term>Arguments:</term>
   <listitem>
    <para>
     <replaceable class="parameter">--install</replaceable>[:<replaceable class="parameter">service_name</replaceable>]
    </para>
    <para>
     <replaceable class="parameter">--uninstall</replaceable>[:<replaceable class="parameter">service_name</replaceable>]
    </para>
   </listitem>
  </varlistentry>
 </variablelist>
 <para>
 After invoking <application>Privoxy</application> with
 <command>--install</command>, you will need to bring up the
 <application>Windows</application> service console to assign the user you
 want <application>Privoxy</application> to run under, and whether or not you
 want it to run whenever the system starts. You can start the
 <application>Windows</application> services console with the following
 command: <command>services.msc</command>.  If you do not take the manual step
 of modifying <application>Privoxy's</application> service settings, it will
 not start.  Note too that you will need to give Privoxy a user account that
 actually exists, or it will not be permitted to 
 write to its log and configuration files.
</para>

</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 id="installation-pack-bintgz"><title>Solaris <!--, NetBSD, HP-UX--></title>

<para>
 Create a new directory, <literal>cd</literal> to it, then unzip and
 untar the archive. For the most part, you'll have to figure out where
 things go. <!-- FIXME, more info needed? -->
</para>
</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 id="installation-os2"><title>OS/2</title>

<para>
 First, make sure that no previous installations of
 <application>Junkbuster</application> and / or 
 <application>Privoxy</application> are left on your
 system. Check that no <application>Junkbuster</application>
 or <application>Privoxy</application> objects are in
 your startup folder.

</para>

<para>
 Then, just double-click the WarpIN self-installing archive, which will
 guide you through the installation process. A shadow of the
 <application>Privoxy</application> executable will be placed in your
 startup folder so it will start automatically whenever OS/2 starts.
</para>

<para>
 The directory you choose to install <application>Privoxy</application>
 into will contain all of the configuration files.
</para>
</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 id="installation-mac"><title>Mac OS X</title>
<para>
 Unzip the downloaded file (you can either double-click on the zipe file
 icon from the Finder, or from the desktop if you downloaded it there).
 Then, double-click on the package installer icon and follow the
 installation process.
</para>
<para>
 The privoxy service will automatically start after a successful
 installation (in addition to every time your computer starts up).  To
 prevent the privoxy service from automatically starting when your
 computer starts up,, remove or rename the folder named
 <literal>/Library/StartupItems/Privoxy</literal>. 
</para>
<para>
 To manually start or stop the privoxy service, download and install the
 <ulink url="https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=11118&package_id=29783">Privoxy Utility</ulink> for Mac OS X.
 This application controls the privoxy service (e.g. starting and
 stopping the service as well as uninstalling the software).
</para>
<para>
 The Privoxy Utility also provides an option to uninstall the software.
</para>
</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 id="installation-amiga"><title>AmigaOS</title>
<para>
 Copy and then unpack the <filename>lha</filename> archive to a suitable location. 
 All necessary files will be installed into <application>Privoxy</application>
 directory, including all configuration and log files. To uninstall, just 
 remove this directory.
</para>
</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 id="installation-tbz"><title>FreeBSD</title>

<para>
 Privoxy is part of FreeBSD's Ports Collection, you can build and install
 it with <literal>cd /usr/ports/www/privoxy; make install clean</literal>.
</para>
<para>
 If you don't use the ports, you can fetch and install
 the package with <literal>pkg_add -r privoxy</literal>.
</para>
<para>
 The port skeleton and the package can also be downloaded from the
 <ulink url="https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=11118">File Release
 Page</ulink>, but there's no reason to use them unless you're interested in the
 beta releases which are only available there.
</para>
</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 id="installattion-gentoo"><title>Gentoo</title>
<para>
 Gentoo source packages (Ebuilds) for <application>Privoxy</application> are 
 contained in the Gentoo  Portage Tree (they are not on the download page, 
 but there is a Gentoo section, where you can see when a new 
 <application>Privoxy</application> Version is added to the  Portage Tree).
</para>
<para>
 Before installing <application>Privoxy</application> under Gentoo just do 
 first <literal>emerge rsync</literal> to get the latest changes from the 
 Portage tree. With <literal>emerge privoxy</literal> you install the latest 
 version.
</para>
<para>
 Configuration files are in <filename>/etc/privoxy</filename>, the 
 documentation is in <filename>/usr/share/doc/privoxy-&p-version;</filename>
 and the Log directory is in <filename>/var/log/privoxy</filename>.
</para>
</sect3>

</sect2>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2 id="installation-source"><title>Building from Source</title>

<para>
 The most convenient way to obtain the <application>Privoxy</application> sources
 is to download the source tarball from our 
 <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=11118&amp;package_id=10571">project download
 page</ulink>.
</para>

<para>
 If you like to live on the bleeding edge and are not afraid of using
 possibly unstable development versions, you can check out the up-to-the-minute
 version directly from <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/cvs/?group_id=11118">the
 CVS repository</ulink>. 
<!-- 
 deprecated...out of business.
 or simply download <ulink
 url="http://cvs.sourceforge.net/cvstarballs/ijbswa-cvsroot.tar.bz2">the nightly CVS
 tarball.</ulink>
-->
</para>

<!-- include buildsource.sgml boilerplate: -->
&buildsource;
<!-- end boilerplate -->

</sect2>
<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     --> 
<sect2 id="installation-keepupdated"><title>Keeping your Installation Up-to-Date</title>
<para>
 As user feedback comes in and development continues, we will make updated versions
 of both the main <link linkend="actions-file">actions file</link> (as a <ulink
 url="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=11118&amp;release_id=103670">separate
 package</ulink>) and the software itself (including the actions file) available for
 download.
</para>

<para>
 If you wish to receive an email notification whenever we release updates of
 <application>Privoxy</application> or the actions file, <ulink
 url="http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/ijbswa-announce/">subscribe
 to our announce  mailing list</ulink>, ijbswa-announce@lists.sourceforge.net.
</para>

<para>
 In order not to lose your personal changes and adjustments when updating
 to the latest <literal>default.action</literal> file we <emphasis>strongly
 recommend</emphasis> that you use <literal>user.action</literal> and 
 <literal>user.filter</literal> for your local
 customizations of <application>Privoxy</application>. See the <link
 linkend="actions-file">Chapter on actions files</link> for details.
</para>

</sect2>


</sect1>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect1 id="whatsnew">
<title>What's New in this Release</title>
<para>
 There are many improvements and new features since <application>Privoxy 3.0.6</application>, the last stable release:
</para>

<para>
 <itemizedlist>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Two new actions <link
          linkend="server-header-tagger">server-header-tagger</link>
          and <link
          linkend="client-header-tagger">client-header-tagger</link>
          that can be used to create arbitrary <quote>tags</quote>
          based on client and server headers.
          These <quote>tags</quote> can then subsequently be used
          to control the other actions used for the current request,
          greatly increasing &my-app;'s flexibility and selectivity. See <link
          linkend="tag-pattern">tag patterns</link> for more information on tags.
   </para>
  </listitem>

  <listitem>
   <para>
    Header filtering is done with dedicated header filters now. As a result
    the actions <quote>filter-client-headers</quote> and <quote>filter-server-headers</quote>
    that were introduced with <application>Privoxy 3.0.5</application> to apply
    content filters to the headers have been removed.
    See the new actions <link
          linkend="server-header-filter">server-header-filter</link>
          and <link
          linkend="client-header-filter">client-header-filter</link> for details.
   </para>
  </listitem>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     There are four new options for the main <filename>config</filename> file:
   </para>

     <itemizedlist>
       <listitem>
        <para>
          <link
          linkend="allow-cgi-request-crunching">allow-cgi-request-crunching</link>
          which allows requests for Privoxy's internal CGI pages to be
          blocked, redirected or (un)trusted like ordinary requests.
        </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
        <para>
          <link
          linkend="split-large-forms">split-large-forms</link>
          that will work around a browser bug that caused IE6 and IE7 to
          ignore the Submit button on the Privoxy's edit-actions-for-url CGI
          page.
          </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
        <para>
          <link
          linkend="accept-intercepted-requests">accept-intercepted-requests</link>
          which allows to combine Privoxy with any packet filter to create an
          intercepting proxy for HTTP/1.1 requests (and for HTTP/1.0 requests
          with Host header set). This means clients can be forced to use
          &my-app; even if their proxy settings are configured differently.
         </para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
        <para>
          <link
          linkend="templdir">templdir</link>
          to designate an alternate location for &my-app;'s 
          locally customized CGI templates so that
          these are not overwritten during upgrades.         
        </para>
       </listitem>
       </itemizedlist>
    </listitem>

  <listitem>
   <para>
   A new command line option <literal>--pre-chroot-nslookup hostname</literal> to
   initialize the resolver library before chroot'ing. On some systems this
   reduces the number of files that must be copied into the chroot tree.
   (Patch provided by Stephen Gildea)
   </para>
  </listitem>

  <listitem>
   <para>
     The <link
          linkend="forward-override">forward-override</link> action 
     allows changing of the forwarding settings through the actions files.
     Combined with tags, this allows to choose the forwarder based on
     client headers like the <literal>User-Agent</literal>, or the request origin.
  </para>
  </listitem>

  <listitem>
   <para>
     The  <link
          linkend="redirect">redirect</link> action can now use regular
          expression substitutions against the original URL.
   </para>
  </listitem>

  <listitem>
   <para>
     <application>zlib</application> support is now available as a compile
     time option to filter compressed content. Patch provided by Wil Mahan.
   </para>
  </listitem>
    <listitem>
    <para>
     Improve various filters, and add new ones.
   </para>
  </listitem>


  <listitem>
   <para>
    Include support for RFC 3253 so that <filename>Subversion</filename> works
    with &my-app;. Patch provided by Petr Kadlec.
   </para>
  </listitem>

  <listitem>
   <para>
     Logging can be completely turned off by not specifying a logfile directive.
   </para>
  </listitem>


  <listitem>
   <para>
     A number of improvements to Privoxy's internal CGI pages, including the
     use of favicons for error and control pages.
   </para>
  </listitem>

  <listitem>
   <para>
     Many bugfixes, memory leaks addressed, code improvements, and logging 
     improvements.
   </para>
  </listitem>

 </itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>
 For a more detailed list of changes please have a look at the ChangeLog.
</para>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->

<sect2 id="upgradersnote">
<title>Note to Upgraders</title>

<para>
 A quick list of things to be aware of before upgrading from earlier 
 versions of <application>Privoxy</application>:
</para>

<para>
 <itemizedlist>

 <listitem>
  <para>
   The recommended way to upgrade &my-app; is to backup your old 
   configuration files, install the new ones, verify that &my-app;
   is working correctly and finally merge back your changes using
   <application>diff</application> and maybe <application>patch</application>.
  </para>
  <para>
   There are a number of new features in each &my-app; release and
   most of them have to be explicitly enabled in the configuration
   files. Old configuration files obviously don't do that and due
   to syntax changes using old configuration files with a new
   &my-app; isn't always possible anyway.
  </para>
 </listitem>
 <listitem>
  <para>  
    Note that some installers remove earlier versions completely,
    including configuration files, therefore you should really save
    any important configuration files!
  </para>
 </listitem>
 <listitem>
  <para>  
   On the other hand, other installers don't overwrite existing configuration 
   files, thinking you will want to do that yourself.
  </para>
 </listitem>
 <listitem>
  <para>  
   <filename>standard.action</filename> now only includes the enabled actions.
   Not all actions as before.
  </para>
 </listitem>
 <listitem>
  <para>
   In the default configuration only fatal errors are logged now.
   You can change that in the <link linkend="DEBUG">debug section</link>
   of the configuration file. You may also want to enable more verbose
   logging until you verified that the new &my-app; version is working
   as expected.
  </para>
 </listitem>

 <listitem>
    <para>
     Three other config file settings are now off by default: 
     <link linkend="enable-remote-toggle">enable-remote-toggle</link>,
     <link linkend="enable-remote-http-toggle">enable-remote-http-toggle</link>,
     and  <link linkend="enable-edit-actions">enable-edit-actions</link>. 
     If you use or want these, you will need to explicitly enable them, and
     be aware of the security issues involved. 
    </para>
  </listitem>

  <listitem>
   <para>
    The <quote>filter-client-headers</quote> and
    <quote>filter-server-headers</quote> actions that were introduced with
    <application>Privoxy 3.0.5</application> to apply content filters to
    the headers  have been removed and replaced with new actions.
    See the <link
          linkend="whatsnew">What's New section</link> above.
   </para>
  </listitem>


<!--
 <listitem>
  <para>  
   What constitutes a <quote>default</quote> configuration has changed, 
   and you may want to review which actions are <quote>on</quote> by 
   default. This is primarily a matter of emphasis, but some features 
   you may have been used to, may now be <quote>off</quote> by default.
   There are also a number of new actions and filters you may want to
   consider, most of which are not fully incorporated into the default
   settings as yet (see above).
  </para>
 </listitem>
-->
<!--
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The default actions setting is now <literal>Cautious</literal>. Previous
    releases had a default setting of <literal>Medium</literal>. Experienced
    users may want to adjust this, as it is fairly conservative by &my-app;
    standards and past practices. See <ulink
    url="http://config.privoxy.org/edit-actions-list?f=default">
    http://config.privoxy.org/edit-actions-list?f=default</ulink>. New users
    should try the default settings for a while before turning up the volume.
   </para>
  </listitem>

  <listitem>
   <para>
    The default setting has filtering turned <emphasis>off</emphasis>, which
    subsequently means that compression is <emphasis>on</emphasis>. Remember
    that filtering does not work on compressed pages, so if you use, or want to
    use, filtering, you will need to force compression off. Example:
   </para>
   <para>
 <screen>
  { +<link linkend="filter">filter</link>{google}  +<link linkend="prevent-compression">prevent-compression</link> }
   .google.</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    Or if you use a number of filters, or filter many sites, you may just want
    to turn off compression for all sites in
    <filename>default.action</filename> (or
    <filename>user.action</filename>). 
   </para>

  </listitem>

  <listitem>
  <para>
   Also, <link linkend="SESSION-COOKIES-ONLY">session-cookies-only</link> is 
   off by default now. If you've liked this feature in the past, you may want 
   to turn it back on in <filename>user.action</filename> now.
  </para>
  </listitem>


  <listitem>
  <para>
   Some installers may not automatically start
   <application>Privoxy</application> after installation.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
-->

 </itemizedlist>
</para>

</sect2>
</sect1>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect1 id="quickstart"><title>Quickstart to Using Privoxy</title>
<para>
 <itemizedlist>

 <listitem>
  <para>
  Install <application>Privoxy</application>. See the <link
  linkend="installation">Installation Section</link> below for platform specific
  information. 
 </para>
 </listitem>  

 <listitem>
  <para>
   Advanced users and those who want to offer <application>Privoxy</application>
   service to more than just their local machine should check the <link
   linkend="config">main config file</link>, especially the <link
   linkend="access-control">security-relevant</link> options. These are 
   off by default.
  </para>
 </listitem>  

 <listitem>
  <para>
  Start <application>Privoxy</application>, if the installation program has
  not done this already (may vary according to platform). See the section
  <link linkend="startup">Starting <application>Privoxy</application></link>.
  </para>
 </listitem>

 <listitem>
  <para>
   Set your browser to use <application>Privoxy</application> as HTTP and
   HTTPS (SSL)  <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server">proxy</ulink>
   by setting the proxy configuration for address of
   <literal>127.0.0.1</literal> and port <literal>8118</literal>.
   <emphasis>DO NOT</emphasis> activate proxying for <literal>FTP</literal> or 
   any protocols besides HTTP and HTTPS (SSL) unless you intend to prevent your
   browser from using these protocols.
  </para>
 </listitem>  

 <listitem>
  <para>
    Flush your browser's disk and memory caches, to remove any cached ad images.
    If using <application>Privoxy</application> to manage 
    <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_cookie">cookies</ulink>,
    you should remove any currently stored cookies too.
  </para>
 </listitem> 

 <listitem>
  <para>
   A default installation should provide a reasonable starting point for 
   most. There will undoubtedly be occasions where you will want to adjust the
   configuration, but that can be dealt with as the need arises. Little 
   to no initial configuration is required in most cases, you may want
   to enable the
   <ulink url="config.html#ENABLE-EDIT-ACTIONS">web-based action editor</ulink> though.
   Be sure to read the warnings first.
  </para>
  <para>
   See the <link linkend="configuration">Configuration section</link> for more
   configuration options, and how to customize your installation.
   You might also want to look at the <link
   linkend="quickstart-ad-blocking">next section</link> for a quick
   introduction to how <application>Privoxy</application> blocks ads and
   banners.
</para>
 </listitem> 

 <listitem>
  <para>
    If you experience ads that slip through, innocent images that are
    blocked, or otherwise feel the need to fine-tune
    <application>Privoxy's</application> behavior, take a look at the <link
    linkend="actions-file">actions files</link>. As a quick start, you might
    find the <link linkend="act-examples">richly commented examples</link>
    helpful. You can also view and edit the actions files through the <ulink
    url="http://config.privoxy.org">web-based user interface</ulink>. The
    Appendix <quote><link linkend="actionsanat">Troubleshooting: Anatomy of an
    Action</link></quote> has hints on how to understand and debug actions that
    <quote>misbehave</quote>.
  </para>
 </listitem> 

<!--
 Did anyone test these lately?
 fk 2007-11-10
 <listitem>
  <para>
   For easy access to &my-app;'s most important controls, drag the provided
   <link linkend="bookmarklets">Bookmarklets</link> into your browser's
   personal toolbar.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
-->

 <listitem>
  <para>
   Please see the section <link linkend="contact">Contacting the
   Developers</link> on how to report bugs, problems with websites or to get
   help. 
  </para>
 </listitem> 

 <listitem>
  <para>
   Now enjoy surfing with enhanced control, comfort and privacy!
  </para>
 </listitem> 

 </itemizedlist>
</para>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->

<sect2 id="quickstart-ad-blocking">
<title>Quickstart to Ad Blocking</title>
<!--
 NOTE:  This section is deliberately redundant for those that don't 
 want to read the whole thing (which is getting lengthy).
-->
<para>
 Ad blocking is but one of <application>Privoxy's</application>
 array of features. Many of these features are for the technically minded advanced 
 user. But, ad and banner blocking is surely common ground for everybody.
</para>
<para> 
 This section will provide a quick summary of ad blocking so 
 you can get up to speed quickly without having to read the more extensive
 information provided below, though this is highly recommended.
</para>
<para>
 First a bit of a warning ... blocking ads is much like blocking SPAM: the
 more aggressive you are about it, the more likely you are to block 
 things that were not intended. And the more likely that some things 
 may not work as intended. So there is a trade off here. If you want
 extreme ad free browsing, be prepared to deal with more
 <quote>problem</quote> sites, and to spend more time adjusting the
 configuration to solve these unintended consequences. In short, there is 
 not an easy way to eliminate <emphasis>all</emphasis> ads. Either take 
 the easy way and settle for <emphasis>most</emphasis> ads blocked with the
 default configuration, or jump in and tweak it for your personal surfing
 habits and preferences.
</para>
<para>
 Secondly, a brief explanation of <application>Privoxy's </application>
 <quote>actions</quote>. <quote>Actions</quote> in this context, are 
 the directives we use to tell <application>Privoxy</application> to perform
 some task relating to HTTP transactions (i.e. web browsing). We tell
 <application>Privoxy</application> to take some <quote>action</quote>. Each
 action has a unique name and function. While there are many potential
 <application>actions</application> in <application>Privoxy's</application>
 arsenal, only a few are used for ad blocking. <link
 linkend="actions">Actions</link>, and <link linkend="actions-file">action
 configuration files</link>, are explained in depth below.
</para>
<para>
 Actions are specified in <application>Privoxy's</application> configuration,
 followed by one or more URLs to which the action should apply. URLs 
 can actually be URL type <link linkend="af-patterns">patterns</link> that use
 wildcards so they can apply potentially to a range of similar URLs. The
 actions, together with the URL patterns are called a section.
</para>
<para>
 When you connect to a website, the full URL will either match one or more
 of the sections as defined in <application>Privoxy's</application> configuration,
 or not. If so, then <application>Privoxy</application> will perform the
 respective actions. If not, then nothing special happens. Furthermore, web
 pages may contain embedded, secondary URLs that your web browser will
 use to load additional components of the page, as it parses the
 original page's HTML content. An ad image for instance, is just an URL
 embedded in the page somewhere. The image itself may be on the same server,
 or a server somewhere else on the Internet. Complex web pages will have many
 such embedded URLs. &my-app; can deal with each URL individually, so, for
 instance, the main page text is not touched, but images from such-and-such
 server are blocked.
</para>

<para>
 The most important actions for basic ad blocking are:  <literal><link
 linkend="block">block</link></literal>, <literal><link
 linkend="handle-as-image">handle-as-image</link></literal>, 
 <literal><link
 linkend="handle-as-empty-document">handle-as-empty-document</link></literal>,and
 <literal><link linkend="set-image-blocker">set-image-blocker</link></literal>:
</para>

<para>
 <itemizedlist>
  
 <listitem>
  <para>
   <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal> - this is perhaps 
   the single most used action, and is particularly important for ad blocking.
   This action stops any contact between your browser and any URL patterns
   that match this action's configuration. It can be used for blocking ads,
   but also anything that is determined to be unwanted. By itself, it simply
   stops any communication with the remote server and sends
   <application>Privoxy</application>'s own built-in BLOCKED page instead to
   let you now what has happened (with some exceptions, see below).
  </para>
 </listitem> 

 <listitem>
  <para>
   <literal><link linkend="handle-as-image">handle-as-image</link></literal> - 
   tells <application>Privoxy</application> to treat this URL as an image.
   <application>Privoxy</application>'s default configuration already does this
   for all common image types (e.g. GIF), but there are many situations where this
   is not so easy to determine. So we'll force it in these cases. This is particularly
   important for ad blocking, since  only if we know that it's an image of
   some kind, can we replace it with an image of our choosing, instead of the 
   <application>Privoxy</application> BLOCKED page (which would only result in
   a <quote>broken image</quote> icon). There are some limitations to this
   though. For instance, you can't just brute-force an image substitution for
   an entire HTML page in most situations.
  </para>
 </listitem> 

 <listitem>
  <para>
   <literal><link linkend="handle-as-empty-document">handle-as-empty-document</link></literal> - 
   sends an empty document instead of <application>Privoxy's</application> 
   normal BLOCKED HTML page. This is useful for file types that are neither 
   HTML nor images, such as blocking JavaScript files.
  </para>
 </listitem> 

 <listitem>
  <para>
   <literal><link
   linkend="set-image-blocker">set-image-blocker</link></literal> - tells
   <application>Privoxy</application> what to display in place of an ad image that
   has hit a block rule. For this to come into play, the URL must match a
   <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal> action somewhere in the
   configuration, <emphasis>and</emphasis>, it must also match an
   <literal><link linkend="handle-as-image">handle-as-image</link></literal> action.
  </para>
  <para>
   The configuration options on what to display instead of the ad are:
  </para>
  <simplelist>
   <member>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<emphasis>pattern</emphasis> - a checkerboard pattern, so that an ad 
    replacement is obvious. This is the default.
   </member>
  </simplelist>
  <simplelist>
   <member>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<emphasis>blank</emphasis> - A very small empty GIF image is displayed.
    This is the so-called <quote>invisible</quote> configuration option.
   </member>
  </simplelist>
  <simplelist>
   <member>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<emphasis>http://&lt;URL&gt;</emphasis> - A redirect to any image anywhere
    of the user's choosing (advanced usage).
   </member>
  </simplelist>
  </listitem> 

</itemizedlist>
</para>

<para>
 Advanced users will eventually want to explore &my-app;
 <literal><link linkend="filter">filters</link></literal> as well. Filters 
 are very different from <literal><link
 linkend="block">blocks</link></literal>.
 A <quote>block</quote> blocks a site, page, or unwanted contented. Filters
 are a way of filtering or modifying what is actually on the page. An example
 filter usage: a text replacement of <quote>no-no</quote> for
 <quote>nasty-word</quote>. That is a very simple example. This process can be
 used for ad blocking, but it is more in the realm of advanced usage and has
 some pitfalls to be wary off.
</para>

<para>
 The quickest way to adjust any of these settings is with your browser through
 the special <application>Privoxy</application> editor at <ulink
 url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status">http://config.privoxy.org/show-status</ulink>
 (shortcut: <ulink url="http://p.p/">http://p.p/show-status</ulink>). This 
 is an internal page, and does not require Internet access.
</para>

<para>
 Note that as of <application>Privoxy</application> 3.0.7 beta the
 action editor is disabled by default. Check the
 <ulink url="config.html#ENABLE-EDIT-ACTIONS">enable-edit-actions
  section in the configuration file</ulink> to learn why and in which
 cases it's safe to enable again.
</para>

<para>
 If you decided to enable the action editor, select the appropriate
 <quote>actions</quote> file, and click
 <quote><guibutton>Edit</guibutton></quote>. It is best to put personal or
 local preferences in <filename>user.action</filename> since this is not
 meant to be overwritten during upgrades, and will over-ride the settings in
 other files. Here you can insert new <quote>actions</quote>, and URLs for ad
 blocking or other purposes, and make other adjustments to the configuration.
 <application>Privoxy</application> will detect these changes automatically.
</para>

<para>
 A quick and simple step by step example:
</para>

<para>
 <itemizedlist>

  <listitem>
   <para>
     Right click on the ad image to be blocked, then select 
     <quote><guimenuitem>Copy Link Location</guimenuitem></quote> from the
     pop-up menu. 
   </para>
  </listitem> 
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Set your browser to 
    <ulink
 url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status">http://config.privoxy.org/show-status</ulink>
   </para>
  </listitem> 
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Find <filename>user.action</filename> in the top section, and click 
    on <quote><guibutton>Edit</guibutton></quote>:
   </para>

 <!-- image of editor and actions files selections -->
 <para>
  <figure pgwide="0" float="0"><title>Actions Files in Use</title>
   <mediaobject>
     <imageobject>
      <imagedata  fileref="files-in-use.jpg" format="jpg">
       </imageobject> 
       <textobject>
        <phrase>[ Screenshot of Actions Files in Use ]</phrase>
      </textobject>
   </mediaobject>
  </figure>
 </para>
 </listitem> 
 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   You should have a section with only
   <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal> listed under 
   <quote>Actions:</quote>.
   If not, click a <quote><guibutton>Insert new section below</guibutton></quote>
   button, and in the new section that just appeared, click the 
   <guibutton>Edit</guibutton> button right under the word <quote>Actions:</quote>.
   This will bring up a list of all actions. Find
   <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal> near the top, and click
   in the <quote>Enabled</quote> column, then <quote><guibutton>Submit</guibutton></quote>
   just below the list.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   Now, in the <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal> actions section,
   click the <quote><guibutton>Add</guibutton></quote> button, and paste the URL the
   browser got from <quote><guimenuitem>Copy Link Location</guimenuitem></quote>.
   Remove the <literal>http://</literal> at the beginning of the URL. Then, click
   <quote><guibutton>Submit</guibutton></quote> (or
   <quote><guibutton>OK</guibutton></quote> if in a pop-up window).
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   Now go back to the original page, and press <keycap>SHIFT-Reload</keycap>
   (or flush all browser caches). The image should be gone now.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 
 </itemizedlist>
</para>

<para>
 This is a very crude and simple example. There might be good reasons to use a 
 wildcard pattern match to include potentially similar images from the same
 site. For a more extensive explanation of <quote>patterns</quote>, and 
 the entire actions concept, see <link linkend="actions-file">the Actions
 section</link>.
</para>

<para>
 For advanced users who want to hand edit their config files, you might want
 to now go to the <link linkend="act-examples">Actions Files Tutorial</link>.
 The ideas explained therein also apply to the web-based editor.
</para>
<para>
 There are also various 
 <link linkend="filter">filters</link> that can be used for ad blocking 
 (filters are a special subset of actions). These 
 fall into the <quote>advanced</quote> usage category, and are explained in
 depth in later sections. 
</para>

</sect2>

</sect1>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect1 id="startup">
<title>Starting Privoxy</title>
<para>
 Before launching <application>Privoxy</application> for the first time, you
 will want to configure your browser(s) to use
 <application>Privoxy</application> as a HTTP and HTTPS (SSL) 
 <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server">proxy</ulink>. The default is
 127.0.0.1 (or localhost) for the proxy address, and port 8118 (earlier versions
 used port 8000). This is the one configuration step <emphasis>that must be done
</emphasis>!
</para>
<para>
 Please note that <application>Privoxy</application> can only proxy HTTP and 
 HTTPS traffic. It will not work with FTP or other protocols.
</para>

 <!-- image of Mozilla Proxy configuration -->
 <para>
  <figure pgwide="0" float="0"><title>Proxy Configuration Showing
  Mozilla/Netscape HTTP and HTTPS (SSL) Settings</title>
   <mediaobject>
     <imageobject>
      <imagedata  fileref="proxy_setup.jpg" format="jpg">
       </imageobject> 
       <textobject>
        <phrase>[ Screenshot of Mozilla Proxy Configuration ]</phrase>
      </textobject>
   </mediaobject>
  </figure>
 </para>
 

<para> 
 With <application>Firefox</application>, this is typically set under:
</para>
 
<literallayout>
 <guibutton>Tools</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Options</guibutton> ->  <guibutton>Advanced</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Network</guibutton> -><guibutton>Connection</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Settings</guibutton>

</literallayout>

<para> 
 Or optionally on some platforms:
</para>
 
<literallayout>
 <guibutton>Edit</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Preferences</guibutton> -> <guibutton>General</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Connection Settings</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Manual Proxy Configuration</guibutton>

</literallayout>


<para> 
 With <application>Netscape</application> (and
 <application>Mozilla</application>), this can be set under:
</para>


<literallayout>
<!-- Mix ascii and gui art, something for everybody -->
<!-- spacing on this is tricky -->
 <guibutton>Edit</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Preferences</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Advanced</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Proxies</guibutton> -> <guibutton>HTTP Proxy</guibutton>

</literallayout>

<para>
 For <application>Internet Explorer v.5-7</application>: 
</para>

<literallayout>
 <guibutton>Tools</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Internet Options</guibutton> -> <guibutton>Connections</guibutton> -> <guibutton>LAN Settings</guibutton>
</literallayout>

<para>
 Then, check <quote>Use Proxy</quote> and fill in the appropriate info
 (Address: 127.0.0.1, Port: 8118). Include HTTPS (SSL), if you want HTTPS
 proxy support too (sometimes labeled <quote>Secure</quote>). Make sure any
 checkboxes like <quote>Use the same proxy server for all protocols</quote> is
 <emphasis>UNCHECKED</emphasis>. You want only HTTP and HTTPS (SSL)!
</para>

 <!-- image of IE Proxy configuration -->
 <para>
  <figure pgwide="0" float="0"><title>Proxy Configuration Showing
  Internet Explorer HTTP and HTTPS (Secure) Settings</title>
   <mediaobject>
     <imageobject>
      <imagedata  fileref="proxy2.jpg" format="jpg">
       </imageobject> 
       <textobject>
        <phrase>[ Screenshot of IE Proxy Configuration ]</phrase>
      </textobject>
   </mediaobject>
  </figure>
 </para>


<para>
 After doing this, flush your browser's disk and memory caches to force a
 re-reading of all pages and to get rid of any ads that may be cached. Remove 
 any <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_cookie">cookies</ulink>,
 if you want <application>Privoxy</application> to manage that. You are now
 ready to start enjoying the benefits of using
 <application>Privoxy</application>!
</para>

<para>
 <application>Privoxy</application> itself is typically started by specifying the
 main configuration file to be used on the command line. If no configuration
 file is specified on the command line, <application>Privoxy</application>
 will look for a file named <filename>config</filename> in the current
 directory. Except on Win32 where it will try <filename>config.txt</filename>.
</para>

<sect2 id="start-redhat">
<title>Red Hat and Fedora</title>
<para>
 A default Red Hat installation may not start &my-app; upon boot. It will use
 the file <filename>/etc/privoxy/config</filename> as its main configuration
 file.
</para>
<para>
 <screen>
 # /etc/rc.d/init.d/privoxy start
</screen>
</para>
<para>
 Or ...
</para>
<para>
 <screen>
 # service privoxy start
</screen>
</para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="start-debian">
<title>Debian</title>
<para>
 We use a script. Note that Debian typically starts &my-app; upon booting per
 default.  It will use the file
 <filename>/etc/privoxy/config</filename> as its main configuration
 file.
</para>
<para>
 <screen>
 # /etc/init.d/privoxy start
</screen>
</para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="start-windows">
<title>Windows</title>
<para>
Click on the &my-app; Icon to start <application>Privoxy</application>. If no configuration file is
 specified on the command line, <application>Privoxy</application> will look
 for a file named <filename>config.txt</filename>. Note that Windows will
 automatically start &my-app; when the system starts if you chose that option
 when installing.
</para>
<para>
 <application>Privoxy</application> can run with full Windows service functionality.
 On Windows only, the &my-app; program has two new command line arguments
 to install and uninstall &my-app; as a service. See the 
 <link linkend="installation-pack-win">Windows Installation
 instructions</link> for details.
</para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="start-unices">
<title>Solaris, NetBSD, FreeBSD, HP-UX and others</title>
<para>
Example Unix startup command:
</para>
<para>
 <screen>
 # /usr/sbin/privoxy /etc/privoxy/config
</screen>
</para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="start-os2">
<title>OS/2</title>
<para>
 During installation, <application>Privoxy</application> is configured to
 start automatically when the system restarts. You can start it manually by
 double-clicking on the <application>Privoxy</application> icon in the
 <application>Privoxy</application> folder.
</para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="start-macosx">
<title>Mac OS X</title>
<para>
 During installation, <application>Privoxy</application> is configured to
 start automatically when the system restarts.  To start &my-app; manually,
 double-click on the <literal>StartPrivoxy.command</literal> icon in the
 <literal>/Library/Privoxy</literal> folder.  Or, type this command
 in the Terminal:
</para>
<para>
  <screen>
  /Library/Privoxy/StartPrivoxy.command
  </screen>
</para>
<para>
 You will be prompted for the administrator password.
</para>
</sect2>


<sect2 id="start-amigaos">
<title>AmigaOS</title>
<para>
 Start <application>Privoxy</application> (with RUN &lt;&gt;NIL:) in your
 <filename>startnet</filename> script (AmiTCP), in
 <filename>s:user-startup</filename> (RoadShow), as startup program in your
 startup script (Genesis), or as startup action (Miami and MiamiDx). 
 <application>Privoxy</application> will automatically quit when you quit your
 TCP/IP stack (just ignore the harmless warning your TCP/IP stack may display that
 <application>Privoxy</application> is still running).
</para>
</sect2>

<sect2 id="start-gentoo">
<title>Gentoo</title>
<para>
 A script is again used. It will use the file <filename>/etc/privoxy/config 
 </filename> as its main configuration file.
</para>
<para>
 <screen>
 /etc/init.d/privoxy start
 </screen>
</para>
<para>
 Note that <application>Privoxy</application> is not automatically started at 
 boot time by default. You can change this with the <literal>rc-update</literal> 
 command.
</para>
<para> 
 <screen>
 rc-update add privoxy default
 </screen>
</para>
</sect2>

<!--

<para>
 See the section <link linkend="cmdoptions">Command line options</link> for
 further info.
</para>

must find a better place for this paragraph

<para>
 The included default configuration files should give a reasonable starting
 point. Most of the per site configuration is done in the
 <ulink url="actions-file.html"><quote>actions</quote></ulink> files. These are
 where various cookie actions are defined, ad and banner blocking, and other
 aspects of <application>Privoxy</application> configuration. There are several
 such files included, with varying levels of aggressiveness. 
</para>

<para>
 You will probably want to keep an eye out for sites for which you may prefer
 persistent cookies, and add these to your actions configuration as needed. By
 default, most of these will be accepted only during the current browser
 session (aka <quote>session cookies</quote>), unless you add them to the
 configuration. If you want the browser to handle this instead, you will need
 to edit <filename>user.action</filename> (or through the web based interface)
 and disable this feature. If you use more than one browser, it would make
 more sense to let <application>Privoxy</application> handle this. In which
 case, the browser(s) should be set to accept all cookies.
</para>

<para>
 Another feature where you will probably want to define exceptions for trusted
 sites is the popup-killing (through the <ulink
 url="actions-file.html#KILL-POPUPS"><quote>+kill-popups</quote></ulink> and
 <ulink
 url="actions-file.html#FILTER-POPUPS"><quote>+filter{popups}</quote></ulink>
 actions), because your favorite shopping, banking, or leisure site may need
 popups (explained below). 
</para>

<para>
 <application>Privoxy</application> does not support all of the optional HTTP/1.1
 features yet. In the unlikely event that you experience inexplicable problems
 with browsers that use HTTP/1.1 per default
 (like <application>Mozilla</application> or recent versions of I.E.), you might
 try to force HTTP/1.0 compatibility. For Mozilla, look under <literal>Edit -&gt;
 Preferences -&gt; Debug -&gt; Networking</literal>.
 Alternatively, set the <quote>+downgrade-http-version</quote> config option in
 <filename>default.action</filename> which will downgrade your browser's HTTP
 requests from HTTP/1.1 to HTTP/1.0 before processing them.
</para>

<para>
 After running <application>Privoxy</application> for a while, you can 
 start to fine tune the configuration to suit your personal, or site, 
 preferences and requirements. There are many, many aspects that can 
 be customized. <quote>Actions</quote> 
 can be adjusted by pointing your browser to 
 <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/">http://config.privoxy.org/</ulink>
 (shortcut: <ulink url="http://p.p/">http://p.p/</ulink>), 
 and then follow the link to <quote>View &#38; Change the Current Configuration</quote>. 
 (This is an internal page and does not require Internet access.)
</para>

<para>
 In fact, various aspects of <application>Privoxy</application>
 configuration can be viewed from this page, including 
 current configuration parameters, source code version numbers, 
 the browser's request headers, and <quote>actions</quote> that apply 
 to a given URL. In addition to the actions file 
 editor mentioned above, <application>Privoxy</application> can also 
 be turned <quote>on</quote> and <quote>off</quote> (toggled) from this page.
</para>

<para>
 If you encounter problems, try loading the page without
 <application>Privoxy</application>. If that helps, enter the URL where
 you have the problems into <ulink url="http://p.p/show-url-info">the browser
 based rule tracing utility</ulink>. See which rules apply and why, and
 then try turning them off for that site one after the other, until the problem
 is gone. When you have found the culprit, you might want to turn the rest on
 again.
</para>

<para>
 If the above paragraph sounds gibberish to you, you might want to <link
 linkend="actions-file">read more about the actions concept</link>
 or even dive deep into the <link linkend="actionsanat">Appendix
 on actions</link>.
</para>

<para>
 If you can't get rid of the problem at all, think you've found a bug in
 Privoxy, want to propose a new feature or smarter rules, please see the 
 section <link linkend="contact"><quote>Contacting the
 Developers</quote></link> below. 
</para>

-->

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2 id="cmdoptions">
<title>Command Line Options</title>
<para>
 <application>Privoxy</application> may be invoked with the following
 command-line options:
</para>

<para>
 <itemizedlist>

 <listitem>
  <para>
    <emphasis>--version</emphasis>
  </para>
  <para>
     Print version info and exit. Unix only.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
    <emphasis>--help</emphasis>
  </para>
  <para>
   Print short usage info and exit. Unix only.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   <emphasis>--no-daemon</emphasis>
  </para>
  <para>
   Don't become a daemon, i.e. don't fork and become process group
   leader, and don't detach from controlling tty. Unix only.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   <emphasis>--pidfile FILE</emphasis>
  </para>
  <para>
   On startup, write the process ID to <emphasis>FILE</emphasis>. Delete the
   <emphasis>FILE</emphasis> on exit. Failure to create or delete the
   <emphasis>FILE</emphasis> is non-fatal. If no <emphasis>FILE</emphasis>
   option is given, no PID file will be used. Unix only.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   <emphasis>--user USER[.GROUP]</emphasis>
  </para>
  <para>
   After (optionally) writing the PID file, assume the user  ID  of
   <emphasis>USER</emphasis>, and if included the GID of GROUP.  Exit if the
   privileges are not sufficient to do so. Unix only.
  </para>
 </listitem>
 <listitem>
  <para>
   <emphasis>--chroot</emphasis>
  </para>
  <para>
   Before changing to the user ID given in the <emphasis>--user</emphasis> option, 
   chroot to that user's home directory, i.e. make the kernel pretend to the &my-app;
   process that the directory tree starts there. If set up carefully, this can limit 
   the impact of possible vulnerabilities in &my-app; to the files contained in that hierarchy.
   Unix only.
  </para>
 </listitem>
 <listitem>
  <para>
   <emphasis>--pre-chroot-nslookup hostname</emphasis>
  </para>
  <para>
   Specifies a hostname to look up before doing a chroot. On some systems, initializing the
   resolver library involves reading config files from /etc and/or loading additional shared
   libraries from /lib. On these systems, doing a hostname lookup before the chroot reduces
   the number of files that must be copied into the chroot tree.
  </para>
  <para>
   For fastest startup speed, a good value is a hostname that is not in /etc/hosts but that
   your local name server (listed in /etc/resolv.conf) can resolve without recursion
   (that is, without having to ask any other name servers). The hostname need not exist,
   but if it doesn't, an error message (which can be ignored) will be output.
  </para>
 </listitem>

 <listitem>
  <para>
    <emphasis>configfile</emphasis>
  </para>
  <para>
    If no <emphasis>configfile</emphasis> is included on the command line, 
    <application>Privoxy</application> will look for a file named 
    <quote>config</quote> in the current directory (except on Win32 
    where it will look for <quote>config.txt</quote> instead). Specify 
    full path to avoid confusion. If no config file is found, 
    <application>Privoxy</application> will fail to start.
  </para>
 </listitem> 

 </itemizedlist>
</para>

<para>
 On <application>MS Windows</application> only there are two additional 
 command-line options to allow <application>Privoxy</application> to install and 
 run as a <emphasis>service</emphasis>. See the 
<link linkend="installation-pack-win">Window Installation section</link> 
for details.
</para>

</sect2>

</sect1>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect1 id="configuration"><title>Privoxy Configuration</title>
 <para>
  All <application>Privoxy</application> configuration is stored  
  in text files. These files can be edited with a text editor.
  Many important aspects of <application>Privoxy</application> can 
  also be controlled easily with a web browser.
 </para>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->

<sect2>
<title>Controlling Privoxy with Your Web Browser</title>
<para>
 <application>Privoxy</application>'s user interface can be reached through the special 
 URL <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/">http://config.privoxy.org/</ulink>
 (shortcut: <ulink url="http://p.p/">http://p.p/</ulink>), 
 which is a built-in page and works without Internet access.
 You will see the following section:

</para>

<!-- Needs to be put in a table and colorized  -->
<screen>
 <msgtext>
 <bridgehead renderas="sect2">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Privoxy Menu</bridgehead>

 <simplelist>
 <member>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&squf;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status">View & change the current configuration</ulink>
 </member>
 <member>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&squf;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-version">View the source code version numbers</ulink>
 </member>
 <member>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&squf;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-request">View the request headers.</ulink>
 </member>
 <member>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&squf;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info">Look up which actions apply to a URL and why</ulink>
 </member>
 <member>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&squf;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/toggle">Toggle Privoxy on or off</ulink>
 </member>
 <member>
  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&squf;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ulink url="http://www.privoxy.org/
  &p-version;/user-manual/">Documentation</ulink>
 </member>
 </simplelist>
 </msgtext>
</screen>


<para>
 This should be self-explanatory. Note the first item leads to an editor for the
 <link linkend="actions-file">actions files</link>, which is where the ad, banner,
 cookie, and URL blocking magic is configured as well as other advanced features of
 <application>Privoxy</application>. This is an easy way to adjust various
 aspects of <application>Privoxy</application> configuration. The actions
 file, and other configuration files, are explained in detail below. 
</para>

<para>
 <quote>Toggle Privoxy On or Off</quote> is handy for sites that might 
 have problems with your current actions and filters. You can in fact use
 it as a test to see whether it is <application>Privoxy</application> 
 causing the problem or not. <application>Privoxy</application> continues 
 to run as a proxy in this case, but all manipulation is disabled, i.e.
 <application>Privoxy</application> acts like a normal forwarding proxy. There
 is even a toggle <link linkend="bookmarklets">Bookmarklet</link> offered, so
 that you can toggle <application>Privoxy</application> with one click from
 your browser.
</para>

<para>
 Note that several of the features described above are disabled by default
 in <application>Privoxy</application> 3.0.7 beta and later.
 Check the
 <ulink url="config.html">configuration file</ulink> to learn why
 and in which cases it's safe to enable them again.
</para>

</sect2>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->




<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->

<sect2 id="confoverview">
<title>Configuration Files Overview</title>
<para>
 For Unix, *BSD and Linux, all configuration files are located in
 <filename>/etc/privoxy/</filename> by default. For MS Windows, OS/2, and
 AmigaOS these are all in the same directory as the 
 <application>Privoxy</application> executable. <![%p-not-stable;[ The name
 and number of configuration files has changed from previous versions, and is
 subject to change as development progresses.]]>
</para>

<para>
 The installed defaults provide a reasonable starting point, though 
 some settings may be aggressive by some standards. For the time being, the
 principle configuration files are:
</para>

<para>
 <itemizedlist>

  <listitem>
   <para>
     The <link linkend="config">main configuration file</link> is named <filename>config</filename>
     on Linux, Unix, BSD, OS/2, and AmigaOS and <filename>config.txt</filename>
     on Windows. This is a required file.
   </para>
  </listitem> 

  <listitem>
   <para>
    <filename>default.action</filename> (the main <link linkend="actions-file">actions file</link>)
    is used to define which <quote>actions</quote> relating to banner-blocking, images, pop-ups,
    content modification, cookie handling etc should be applied by default. It also defines many
    exceptions (both positive and negative) from this default set of actions that enable 
    <application>Privoxy</application> to selectively eliminate the junk, and only the junk, on
    as many websites as possible.
   </para>
   <para>
    Multiple actions files may be defined in <filename>config</filename>. These 
    are processed in the order they are defined. Local customizations and locally 
    preferred exceptions to the default policies  as defined in
    <filename>default.action</filename> (which you will most probably want
    to define sooner or later) are probably best applied in
    <filename>user.action</filename>, where you can preserve them across
    upgrades. <filename>standard.action</filename> is only for
    <application>Privoxy's</application> internal use.
   </para>
   <para>    
    There is also a web based editor that can be accessed from
    <ulink
    url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status">http://config.privoxy.org/show-status</ulink>
    (Shortcut: <ulink
    url="http://p.p/show-status">http://p.p/show-status</ulink>) for the
    various actions files. 
   </para>
  </listitem> 

  <listitem>
   <para>
    <quote>Filter files</quote> (the <link linkend="filter-file">filter
    file</link>) can be used to re-write the raw page content, including
    viewable text as well as embedded HTML and JavaScript, and whatever else
    lurks on any given web page. The filtering jobs are only pre-defined here;
    whether to apply them or not is up to the actions files. 
    <filename>default.filter</filename> includes various filters made 
    available for use by the developers. Some are much more intrusive than 
    others, and all should be used with caution. You may define additional 
    filter files in <filename>config</filename> as you can with 
    actions files. We suggest <filename>user.filter</filename> for any 
    locally defined filters or customizations.
   </para>
  </listitem> 

 </itemizedlist>
</para>

<para>
 The syntax of the configuration and filter files may change between different
 Privoxy versions, unfortunately some enhancements cost backwards compatibility.
 <!-- Add link to documentation-->
</para>

<para>
 All files use the <quote><literal>#</literal></quote> character to denote a
 comment (the rest of the line will be ignored) and understand line continuation
 through placing a backslash ("<literal>\</literal>") as the very last character
 in a line. If the <literal>#</literal> is preceded by a backslash, it looses
 its special function. Placing a <literal>#</literal> in front of an otherwise
 valid configuration line to prevent it from being interpreted is called "commenting
 out" that line. Blank lines are ignored.
</para>

<para>
 The actions files and filter files  
 can use Perl style <link linkend="regex">regular expressions</link> for
 maximum flexibility. 
</para>

<para>
 After making any changes, there is no need to restart
 <application>Privoxy</application> in order for the changes to take
 effect. <application>Privoxy</application> detects such changes 
 automatically. Note, however, that it may take one or two additional
 requests for the change to take effect. When changing the listening address
 of <application>Privoxy</application>, these <quote>wake up</quote> requests
 must obviously be sent to the <emphasis>old</emphasis> listening address.
</para>

<![%p-not-stable;[
<para>
 While under development, the configuration content is subject to change. 
 The below documentation may not be accurate by the time you read this. 
 Also, what constitutes a <quote>default</quote> setting, may change, so 
 please check all your configuration files on important issues.
</para>
]]>

</sect2>
</sect1>
<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~~~~       New section Header    ~~~~~~~~~     -->

<!-- **************************************************** -->
<!-- Include config.sgml here -->
<!-- This is where the entire config file is detailed. -->
 &config;
<!-- end include  -->


<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->



<!--   ~~~~~~~~       New section Header    ~~~~~~~~~     -->

<sect1 id="actions-file"><title>Actions Files</title>

<para>
 The actions files are used to define what <emphasis>actions</emphasis>
 <application>Privoxy</application> takes for which URLs, and thus determines
 how ad images, cookies and various other aspects of HTTP content and
 transactions are handled, and on which sites (or even parts thereof). 
 There are a number of such actions, with a wide range of functionality.
 Each action does something a little different.
 These actions give us a veritable arsenal of tools with which to exert 
 our control, preferences and independence. Actions can be combined so that 
 their effects are aggregated when applied against a given set of URLs.
</para> 
<para>
 There 
 are three action files included with <application>Privoxy</application> with
 differing purposes:
 </para>
 
 <para>
  <itemizedlist>
   <listitem>
    <para>
     <filename>default.action</filename> - is the primary action file 
     that sets the initial values for all actions. It is intended to 
     provide a base level of functionality for
     <application>Privoxy's</application> array of features. So it is 
     a set of broad rules that should work reasonably well as-is for most users.
     This is the file that the developers are keeping updated, and <link
     linkend="installation-keepupdated">making available to users</link>.
     The user's preferences as set in <filename>standard.action</filename>,
     e.g. either <literal>Cautious</literal> (the default),
     <literal>Medium</literal>, or <literal>Advanced</literal> (see
     below).
    </para>
   </listitem> 
   <listitem>
    <para>
     <filename>user.action</filename> - is intended to be for local site 
     preferences and exceptions. As an example, if your ISP or your bank
     has specific requirements, and need special handling, this kind of 
     thing should go here. This file will not be upgraded.
    </para>
  </listitem> 
   <listitem>
    <para>
     <filename>standard.action</filename> - is used only by the web based editor
     at <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/edit-actions-list?f=default">
     http://config.privoxy.org/edit-actions-list?f=default</ulink>, 
     to set various pre-defined sets of rules for the default actions section
     in <filename>default.action</filename>. 
     </para>
     <para>
     <guibutton>Edit</guibutton>  <guibutton>Set to Cautious</guibutton> <guibutton>Set to Medium</guibutton>  <guibutton>Set to Advanced</guibutton>
     </para>
     <para>
     These have increasing levels of aggressiveness <emphasis>and have no
     influence on your browsing unless you select them explicitly in the
     editor</emphasis>. A default installation should be pre-set to 
     <literal>Cautious</literal> (versions prior to 3.0.5 were set to
     <literal>Medium</literal>). New users should try this for a while before
     adjusting the settings to more aggressive levels. The more aggressive 
     the settings, then the more likelihood there is of problems such as sites 
     not working as they should.
     </para>
     <para>
      The <guibutton>Edit</guibutton> button allows you to turn each 
      action on/off individually for fine-tuning. The <guibutton>Cautious</guibutton>
      button changes the actions list to low/safe settings which will activate 
      ad blocking and a minimal set of &my-app;'s features, and subsequently
      there will be less of a chance for accidental problems. The
      <guibutton>Medium</guibutton> button sets the list to a medium level of
      other features and a low level set of privacy features. The
      <guibutton>Advanced</guibutton> button sets the list to a high level of
      ad blocking and medium level of privacy. See the chart below. The latter
      three buttons over-ride any changes via with the
      <guibutton>Edit</guibutton> button. More fine-tuning can be done in the
      lower sections of this internal page.
     </para>
     <para>
     It is not recommend to edit the <filename>standard.action</filename> file
     itself.
    </para>
    <para>
     The default profiles, and their associated actions, as pre-defined in
     <filename>standard.action</filename> are<!-- different than this table which is out of date -->:
    </para>
    <para>
    <table frame=all><title>Default Configurations</title>
    <tgroup cols=4 align=left colsep=1 rowsep=1>
    <colspec colname=c1>
    <colspec colname=c2>
    <colspec colname=c3>
    <colspec colname=c4>
    <thead>
    <row>
      <entry>Feature</entry>
      <entry>Cautious</entry>
      <entry>Medium</entry>
      <entry>Advanced</entry>
    </row>
    </thead>
    <!--  <tfoot> -->
    <!--  <row> -->
    <!--    <entry>f1</entry> -->
    <!--    <entry>f2</entry> -->
    <!--    <entry>f3</entry> -->
    <!--    <entry>f4</entry> -->
    <!--  </row> -->
    <!--  </tfoot> -->
    <tbody>

    <row>
      <entry>Ad-blocking Aggressiveness</entry>
      <entry>medium</entry>
      <entry>high</entry>
      <entry>high</entry>
    </row>

    <row>
      <entry>Ad-filtering by size</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
    </row>

    <row>
      <entry>Ad-filtering by link</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
    </row>
    <row>
      <entry>Pop-up killing</entry>
      <entry>blocks only</entry>
      <entry>blocks only</entry>
      <entry>blocks only</entry>
    </row>
    
    <row>
      <entry>Privacy Features</entry>
      <entry>low</entry>
      <entry>medium</entry>
      <entry>medium/high</entry>
    </row>

    <row>
      <entry>Cookie handling</entry>
      <entry>none</entry>
      <entry>session-only</entry>
      <entry>kill</entry>
    </row>

    <row>
      <entry>Referer forging</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
    </row>


    <row>
      <entry>GIF de-animation</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
    </row>


    <row>
      <entry>Fast redirects</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
    </row>

    <row>
      <entry>HTML taming</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
    </row>

    <row>
      <entry>JavaScript taming</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
    </row>

    <row>
      <entry>Web-bug killing</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
    </row>

    <row>
      <entry>Image tag reordering</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>no</entry>
      <entry>yes</entry>
    </row>

    </tbody>
    </tgroup>
    </table>
    </para>

   </listitem> 
  </itemizedlist>
 </para> 

<para>
 The list of actions files to be used are defined in the main configuration 
 file, and are processed in the order they are defined (e.g.
 <filename>default.action</filename> is typically processed before
 <filename>user.action</filename>). The content of these can all be viewed and
 edited from <ulink
 url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status">http://config.privoxy.org/show-status</ulink>.
 The over-riding principle when applying actions, is that the last action that
 matches a given URL wins. The broadest, most general rules go first
 (defined in <filename>default.action</filename>),
 followed by any exceptions (typically also in
 <filename>default.action</filename>), which are then followed lastly by any
 local preferences (typically in <emphasis>user</emphasis><filename>.action</filename>). 
 Generally, <filename>user.action</filename> has the last word.
 </para>

<para>
 An actions file typically has multiple sections. If you want to use
 <quote>aliases</quote> in an actions file, you have to place the (optional)
 <link linkend="aliases">alias section</link> at the top of that file.
 Then comes the default set of rules which will apply universally to all
 sites and pages (be <emphasis>very careful</emphasis> with using such a
 universal set in <filename>user.action</filename> or any other actions file after 
 <filename>default.action</filename>, because it will override the result
 from consulting any previous file). And then below that,
 exceptions to the defined universal policies. You can regard
 <filename>user.action</filename> as an appendix to <filename>default.action</filename>,
 with the advantage that it is a separate file, which makes preserving your
 personal settings across <application>Privoxy</application> upgrades easier.
</para>

<para> 
 Actions can be used to block anything you want, including ads, banners, or
 just some obnoxious URL whose content you would rather not see. Cookies can be accepted
 or rejected, or accepted only during the current browser session (i.e. not
 written to disk), content can be modified, some JavaScripts tamed, user-tracking
 fooled, and much more. See below for a <link linkend="actions">complete list
 of actions</link>.
</para>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2>
<title>Finding the Right Mix</title>
<para>
 Note that some <link linkend="actions">actions</link>, like cookie suppression
 or script disabling, may render some sites unusable that rely on these
 techniques to work properly. Finding the right mix of actions is not always easy and
 certainly a matter of personal taste. And, things can always change, requiring 
 refinements in the configuration. In general, it can be said that the more
 <quote>aggressive</quote> your default settings (in the top section of the
 actions file) are, the more exceptions for <quote>trusted</quote> sites you
 will have to make later. If, for example, you want to crunch all cookies per
 default, you'll have to make exceptions from that rule for sites that you
 regularly use and that require cookies for actually useful purposes, like maybe
 your bank, favorite shop, or newspaper.
</para>

<para>
 We have tried to provide you with reasonable rules to start from in the
 distribution actions files. But there is no general rule of thumb on these
 things. There just are too many variables, and sites are constantly changing.
 Sooner or later you will want to change the rules (and read this chapter again :).
</para>
</sect2>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2>
<title>How to Edit</title>
<para>
 The easiest way to edit the actions files is with a browser by
 using our browser-based editor, which can be reached from <ulink
 url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status">http://config.privoxy.org/show-status</ulink>.
 Note: the config file option <link
 linkend="enable-edit-actions">enable-edit-actions</link> must be enabled for
 this to work. The editor allows both fine-grained control over every single
 feature on a per-URL basis, and easy choosing from wholesale sets of defaults
 like <quote>Cautious</quote>, <quote>Medium</quote> or
 <quote>Advanced</quote>. Warning: the <quote>Advanced</quote> setting is more
 aggressive, and will be more likely to cause problems for some sites.
 Experienced users only! 
 </para>

<para>
 If you prefer plain text editing to GUIs, you can of course also directly edit the
 the actions files with your favorite text editor. Look at
 <filename>default.action</filename> which is richly commented with many 
 good examples.
</para>
</sect2>


<sect2 id="actions-apply">
<title>How Actions are Applied to Requests</title>
<para>
 Actions files are divided into sections. There are special sections,
 like the <quote><link linkend="aliases">alias</link></quote> sections which will
 be discussed later. For now let's concentrate on regular sections: They have a
 heading line (often split up to multiple lines for readability) which consist
 of a list of actions, separated by whitespace and enclosed in curly braces.
 Below that, there is a list of URL and tag patterns, each on a separate line.
</para>

<para>
 To determine which actions apply to a request, the URL of the request is
 compared to all URL patterns in each <quote>action file</quote>.
 Every time it matches, the list of applicable actions for the request is
 incrementally updated, using the heading of the section in which the
 pattern is located. The same is done again for tags and tag patterns later on.
</para>

<para>
 If multiple applying sections set the same action differently,
 the last match wins. If not, the effects are aggregated.
 E.g. a URL might match a regular section with a heading line of <literal>{ 
 +<link linkend="handle-as-image">handle-as-image</link> }</literal>,
 then later another one with just <literal>{
 +<link linkend="block">block</link> }</literal>, resulting
 in <emphasis>both</emphasis> actions to apply. And there may well be 
 cases where you will want to combine actions together. Such a section then 
 might look like:
</para>

 <para>
 <screen>
  { +<literal>handle-as-image</literal>  +<literal>block</literal> }
  # Block these as if they were images. Send no block page.
   banners.example.com
   media.example.com/.*banners
   .example.com/images/ads/</screen>
 </para>

<para>
 You can trace this process for URL patterns and any given URL by visiting <ulink
 url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info">http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info</ulink>.
</para>

<para>
 Examples and more detail on this is provided in the Appendix, <link linkend="ACTIONSANAT">
 Troubleshooting: Anatomy of an Action</link> section.
</para>
</sect2>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2 id="af-patterns">
<title>Patterns</title>
<para> 
 As mentioned, <application>Privoxy</application> uses <quote>patterns</quote>
 to determine what <emphasis>actions</emphasis> might apply to which sites and
 pages your browser attempts to access. These <quote>patterns</quote> use wild
 card type <emphasis>pattern</emphasis> matching to achieve a high degree of
 flexibility. This allows one expression to be expanded and potentially match
 against many similar patterns.
</para>
 
<para>
 Generally, an URL pattern has the form
 <literal>&lt;domain&gt;/&lt;path&gt;</literal>, where both the
 <literal>&lt;domain&gt;</literal> and <literal>&lt;path&gt;</literal> are
 optional. (This is why the special <literal>/</literal> pattern matches all
 URLs). Note that the protocol portion of the URL pattern (e.g.
 <literal>http://</literal>) should <emphasis>not</emphasis> be included in
 the pattern. This is assumed already!
</para>
<para>
 The pattern matching syntax is different for the domain and path parts of
 the URL. The domain part uses a simple globbing type matching technique, 
 while the path part uses a more flexible 
 <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expressions"><quote>Regular
  Expressions (PCRE)</quote></ulink> based syntax.
</para>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>www.example.com/</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    is a domain-only pattern and will match any request to <literal>www.example.com</literal>,
    regardless of which document on that server is requested. So ALL pages in
    this domain would be covered by the scope of this action. Note that a 
    simple <literal>example.com</literal> is different and would NOT match.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>www.example.com</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    means exactly the same. For domain-only patterns, the trailing <literal>/</literal> may
    be omitted.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>www.example.com/index.html$</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    matches all the documents on <literal>www.example.com</literal>
    whose name starts with <literal>/index.html</literal>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>www.example.com/index.html$</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    matches only the single document <literal>/index.html</literal>
    on <literal>www.example.com</literal>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>/index.html$</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    matches the document <literal>/index.html</literal>, regardless of the domain,
    i.e. on <emphasis>any</emphasis> web server anywhere.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>index.html</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    matches nothing, since it would be interpreted as a domain name and
    there is no top-level domain called <literal>.html</literal>. So its 
    a mistake.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3><title>The Domain Pattern</title>

<para>
 The matching of the domain part offers some flexible options: if the
 domain starts or ends with a dot, it becomes unanchored at that end. 
 For example:
</para>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>.example.com</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    matches any domain with first-level domain <literal>com</literal>
    and second-level domain <literal>example</literal>.
    For example <literal>www.example.com</literal>,
    <literal>example.com</literal> and <literal>foo.bar.baz.example.com</literal>.
    Note that it wouldn't match if the second-level domain was <literal>another-example</literal>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>www.</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    matches any domain that <emphasis>STARTS</emphasis> with
    <literal>www.</literal> (It also matches the domain
    <literal>www</literal> but most of the time that doesn't matter.)
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>.example.</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    matches any domain that <emphasis>CONTAINS</emphasis> <literal>.example.</literal>.
    And, by the way, also included would be any files or documents that exist
    within that domain since no path limitations are specified. (Correctly
    speaking: It matches any FQDN that contains <literal>example</literal> as
    a domain.) This might be <literal>www.example.com</literal>,
    <literal>news.example.de</literal>, or
    <literal>www.example.net/cgi/testing.pl</literal> for instance. All these
    cases are matched. 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>

<para>
 Additionally, there are wild-cards that you can use in the domain names
 themselves. These work similarly to shell globbing type wild-cards:
 <quote>*</quote> represents zero or more arbitrary characters (this is
 equivalent to the 
 <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expressions"><quote>Regular
 Expression</quote></ulink> based syntax of <quote>.*</quote>),
 <quote>?</quote>  represents any single character (this is equivalent to the
 regular expression syntax of a simple <quote>.</quote>), and you can define
 <quote>character classes</quote> in square brackets which is similar to 
 the same regular expression technique. All of this can be freely mixed:
</para>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>ad*.example.com</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    matches <quote>adserver.example.com</quote>, 
    <quote>ads.example.com</quote>, etc but not <quote>sfads.example.com</quote>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>*ad*.example.com</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    matches all of the above, and then some.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>.?pix.com</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    matches <literal>www.ipix.com</literal>,
    <literal>pictures.epix.com</literal>, <literal>a.b.c.d.e.upix.com</literal> etc. 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>www[1-9a-ez].example.c*</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     matches <literal>www1.example.com</literal>, 
     <literal>www4.example.cc</literal>, <literal>wwwd.example.cy</literal>, 
     <literal>wwwz.example.com</literal> etc., but <emphasis>not</emphasis> 
     <literal>wwww.example.com</literal>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>

<para>
 While flexible, this is not the sophistication of full regular expression based syntax.
</para>

</sect3>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3><title>The Path Pattern</title>

<para>
 <application>Privoxy</application> uses Perl compatible (PCRE)
  <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expressions"><quote>Regular
  Expression</quote></ulink> based syntax 
 (through the <ulink url="http://www.pcre.org/">PCRE</ulink> library) for
 matching the path portion (after the slash), and is thus more flexible.
</para>

<para>
 There is an <link linkend="regex">Appendix</link> with a brief quick-start into regular
 expressions, and full (very technical) documentation on PCRE regex syntax is available on-line
 at <ulink url="http://www.pcre.org/man.txt">http://www.pcre.org/man.txt</ulink>.
 You might also find the Perl man page on regular expressions (<literal>man perlre</literal>)
 useful, which is available on-line at <ulink
 url="http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html">http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html</ulink>.
</para>

<para>
 Note that the path pattern is automatically left-anchored at the <quote>/</quote>,
 i.e. it matches as if it would start with a <quote>^</quote> (regular expression speak 
 for the beginning of a line).
</para>

<para>
 Please also note that matching in the path is <emphasis>CASE INSENSITIVE</emphasis>
 by default, but you can switch to case sensitive at any point in the pattern by using the 
 <quote>(?-i)</quote> switch: <literal>www.example.com/(?-i)PaTtErN.*</literal> will match
 only documents whose path starts with <literal>PaTtErN</literal> in
 <emphasis>exactly</emphasis> this capitalization.
</para>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>.example.com/.*</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     Is equivalent to just <quote>.example.com</quote>, since any documents 
     within that domain are matched with or without the <quote>.*</quote>
     regular expression. This is redundant
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>.example.com/.*/index.html$</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Will match any page in the domain of <quote>example.com</quote> that is
    named <quote>index.html</quote>, and that is part of some path. For
    example, it matches <quote>www.example.com/testing/index.html</quote> but
    NOT <quote>www.example.com/index.html</quote> because the regular
    expression called for at least two <quote>/'s</quote>, thus the path 
    requirement. It also would match 
    <quote>www.example.com/testing/index_html</quote>, because of the 
    special meta-character <quote>.</quote>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>.example.com/(.*/)?index\.html$</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This regular expression is conditional so it will match any page 
    named <quote>index.html</quote> regardless of path which in this case can 
    have one or more <quote>/'s</quote>. And this one must contain exactly 
    <quote>.html</quote> (but does not have to end with that!).
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>.example.com/(.*/)(ads|banners?|junk)</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This regular expression will match any path of <quote>example.com</quote>
    that contains any of the words <quote>ads</quote>, <quote>banner</quote>, 
    <quote>banners</quote> (because of the <quote>?</quote>) or <quote>junk</quote>.
    The path does not have to end in these words, just contain them.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><literal>.example.com/(.*/)(ads|banners?|junk)/.*\.(jpe?g|gif|png)$</literal></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This is very much the same as above, except now it must end in either 
    <quote>.jpg</quote>, <quote>.jpeg</quote>, <quote>.gif</quote> or <quote>.png</quote>. So this 
    one is limited to common image formats.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
<para>
 There are many, many good examples to be found in <filename>default.action</filename>, 
 and more tutorials below in <link linkend="regex">Appendix on regular expressions</link>.
</para>

</sect3>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 id="tag-pattern"><title>The Tag Pattern</title>

<para>
 Tag patterns are used to change the applying actions based on the
 request's tags. Tags can be created with either the
 <link linkend="CLIENT-HEADER-TAGGER">client-header-tagger</link>
 or the  <link linkend="SERVER-HEADER-TAGGER">server-header-tagger</link> action.
</para>

<para>
 Tag patterns have to start with <quote>TAG:</quote>, so &my-app;
 can tell them apart from URL patterns. Everything after the colon
 including white space, is interpreted as a regular expression with
 path pattern syntax, except that tag patterns aren't left-anchored
 automatically (&my-app; doesn't silently add a <quote>^</quote>,
 you have to do it yourself if you need it).
</para>

<para>
 To match all requests that are tagged with <quote>foo</quote>
 your pattern line should be <quote>TAG:^foo$</quote>,
 <quote>TAG:foo</quote> would work as well, but it would also
 match requests whose tags contain <quote>foo</quote> somewhere.
 <quote>TAG: foo</quote> wouldn't work as it requires white space.
</para>

<para>
 Sections can contain URL and tag patterns at the same time,
 but tag patterns are checked after the URL patterns and thus
 always overrule them, even if they are located before the URL patterns.
</para>

<para>
 Once a new tag is added, Privoxy checks right away if it's matched by one
 of the tag patterns and updates the action settings accordingly. As a result
 tags can be used to activate other tagger actions, as long as these other
 taggers look for headers that haven't already be parsed.
</para>

<para>
 For example you could tag client requests which use the
 <literal>POST</literal> method,
 then use this tag to activate another tagger that adds a tag if cookies
 are sent, and then use a block action based on the cookie tag. This allows
 the outcome of one action, to be input into a subsequent action. However if
 you'd reverse the position of the described taggers, and activated the
 method tagger based on the cookie tagger, no method tags would be created.
 The method tagger would look for the request line, but at the time
 the cookie tag is created, the request line has already been parsed.
</para>

<para>
 While this is a limitation you should be aware of, this kind of
 indirection is seldom needed anyway and even the example doesn't
 make too much sense.
</para>

</sect3>

</sect2>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->

<sect2 id="actions">
<title>Actions</title>
<para>
 All actions are disabled by default, until they are explicitly enabled
 somewhere in an actions file. Actions are turned on if preceded with a
 <quote>+</quote>, and turned off if preceded with a <quote>-</quote>. So a
 <literal>+action</literal> means <quote>do that action</quote>, e.g.
 <literal>+block</literal> means <quote>please block URLs that match the
 following patterns</quote>, and <literal>-block</literal> means <quote>don't
 block URLs that match the following patterns, even if <literal>+block</literal>
 previously applied.</quote>

</para>

<para> 
 Again, actions are invoked by placing them on a line, enclosed in curly braces and
 separated by whitespace, like in 
 <literal>{+some-action -some-other-action{some-parameter}}</literal>,
 followed by a list of URL patterns, one per line, to which they apply.
 Together, the actions line and the following pattern lines make up a section
 of the actions file. 
</para>

<para> 
 Actions fall into three categories:
</para>

<para>
 <itemizedlist>
 <listitem>
  <para>  
   Boolean, i.e the action can only be <quote>enabled</quote> or
   <quote>disabled</quote>. Syntax:
  </para>
  <para>
   <screen>
  +<replaceable class="function">name</replaceable>        # enable action <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable>
  -<replaceable class="function">name</replaceable>        # disable action <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable></screen>
  </para>
  <para>  
   Example: <literal>+block</literal>
  </para>
 </listitem>


 <listitem>
  <para>  
   Parameterized, where some value is required in order to enable this type of action.
   Syntax:
  </para>
  <para>
   <screen>
  +<replaceable class="function">name</replaceable>{<replaceable class="parameter">param</replaceable>}  # enable action and set parameter to <replaceable class="parameter">param</replaceable>,
               # overwriting parameter from previous match if necessary
  -<replaceable class="function">name</replaceable>         # disable action. The parameter can be omitted</screen>
  </para>
  <para>
   Note that if the URL matches multiple positive forms of a parameterized action,
   the last match wins, i.e. the params from earlier matches are simply ignored.
  </para>
  <para>  
   Example: <literal>+hide-user-agent{Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; FreeBSD i386; en-US; rv:1.8.1.4) Gecko/20070602 Firefox/2.0.0.4}</literal>
  </para>
 </listitem>
 
 <listitem>
  <para>  
   Multi-value. These look exactly like parameterized actions,
   but they behave differently: If the action applies multiple times to the
   same URL, but with different parameters, <emphasis>all</emphasis> the parameters
   from <emphasis>all</emphasis> matches are remembered. This is used for actions
   that can be executed for the same request repeatedly, like adding multiple
   headers, or filtering through multiple filters. Syntax:
  </para>
  <para>
   <screen>
  +<replaceable class="function">name</replaceable>{<replaceable class="parameter">param</replaceable>}   # enable action and add <replaceable class="parameter">param</replaceable> to the list of parameters
  -<replaceable class="function">name</replaceable>{<replaceable class="parameter">param</replaceable>}   # remove the parameter <replaceable class="parameter">param</replaceable> from the list of parameters
                # If it was the last one left, disable the action.
  <replaceable class="parameter">-name</replaceable>          # disable this action completely and remove all parameters from the list</screen>
  </para>
  <para>  
   Examples: <literal>+add-header{X-Fun-Header: Some text}</literal> and
   <literal>+filter{html-annoyances}</literal>
  </para>
 </listitem>

 </itemizedlist>
</para>

<para>
 If nothing is specified in any actions file, no <quote>actions</quote> are
 taken. So in this case <application>Privoxy</application> would just be a
 normal, non-blocking, non-filtering proxy. You must specifically enable the
 privacy and blocking features you need (although the provided default actions
 files will give a good starting point).
</para>

<para>
 Later defined action sections always over-ride earlier ones of the same type.
 So exceptions to any rules you make, should come in the latter part of the file (or 
 in a file that is processed later when using multiple actions files such 
 as <filename>user.action</filename>). For multi-valued actions, the actions
 are applied in the order they are specified. Actions files are processed in
 the order they are defined in <filename>config</filename> (the default
 installation has three actions files). It also quite possible for any given
 URL to match more than one <quote>pattern</quote> (because of wildcards and
 regular expressions), and thus to trigger more than one set of actions! Last
 match wins.
</para>

<!-- start actions listing -->
<para>
 The list of valid <application>Privoxy</application> actions are:
</para>


<!-- ********************************************************** -->
<!-- Please note the below defined actions use id's that are    -->
<!-- probably linked from other places, so please don't change. -->
<!--                                                            -->
<!-- ********************************************************** -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->

<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="add-header">
<title>add-header</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Confuse log analysis, custom applications</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Sends a user defined HTTP header to the web server.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- boolean, parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Multi-value.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Any string value is possible. Validity of the defined HTTP headers is not checked.
    It is recommended that you use the <quote><literal>X-</literal></quote> prefix
    for custom headers.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
<varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This action may be specified multiple times, in order to define multiple 
    headers. This is rarely needed for the typical user. If you don't know what 
    <quote>HTTP headers</quote> are, you definitely don't need to worry about this 
    one.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen>+add-header{X-User-Tracking: sucks}</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="block">
<title>block</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Block ads or other unwanted content</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Requests for URLs to which this action applies are blocked, i.e. the
    requests are trapped by &my-app; and the requested URL is never retrieved,
    but is answered locally with a substitute page or image, as determined by
    the <literal><link
    linkend="handle-as-image">handle-as-image</link></literal>,
    <literal><link
    linkend="set-image-blocker">set-image-blocker</link></literal>, and 
    <literal><link
    linkend="handle-as-empty-document">handle-as-empty-document</link></literal> actions.
    
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- boolean, parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>N/A</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
<varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <application>Privoxy</application> sends a special <quote>BLOCKED</quote> page
    for requests to blocked pages. This page contains links to find out why the request
    was blocked, and a click-through to the blocked content (the latter only if compiled with the
    force feature enabled). The <quote>BLOCKED</quote> page adapts to the available
    screen space -- it displays full-blown if space allows, or miniaturized and text-only
    if loaded into a small frame or window. If you are using <application>Privoxy</application>
    right now, you can take a look at the 
    <ulink url="http://ads.bannerserver.example.com/nasty-ads/sponsor.html"><quote>BLOCKED</quote>
    page</ulink>.
   </para>
   <para> 
    A very important exception occurs if <emphasis>both</emphasis> 
    <literal>block</literal> and <literal><link linkend="handle-as-image">handle-as-image</link></literal>,
    apply to the same request: it will then be replaced by an image. If 
    <literal><link linkend="set-image-blocker">set-image-blocker</link></literal>
    (see below) also applies, the type of image will be determined by its parameter,
    if not, the standard checkerboard pattern is sent.
   </para>
   <para>
    It is important to understand this process, in order 
    to understand how <application>Privoxy</application> deals with 
    ads and other unwanted content. Blocking is a core feature, and one 
    upon which various other features depend.
   </para>
   <para>
    The <literal><link linkend="filter">filter</link></literal>
    action can perform a very similar task, by <quote>blocking</quote>
    banner images and other content through rewriting the relevant URLs in the
    document's HTML source, so they don't get requested in the first place.
    Note that this is a totally different technique, and it's easy to confuse the two.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen>{+block}      
# Block and replace with "blocked" page
 .nasty-stuff.example.com

{+block +handle-as-image} 
# Block and replace with image
 .ad.doubleclick.net
 .ads.r.us/banners/

{+block +handle-as-empty-document} 
# Block and then ignore
 adserver.exampleclick.net/.*\.js$</screen>
    </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>


</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="client-header-filter">
<title>client-header-filter</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
   Rewrite or remove single client headers.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    All client headers to which this action applies are filtered on-the-fly through
    the specified regular expression based substitutions.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- boolean, parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The name of a client-header filter, as defined in one of the
    <link linkend="filter-file">filter files</link>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Client-header filters are applied to each header on its own, not to
    all at once. This makes it easier to diagnose problems, but on the downside
    you can't write filters that only change header x if header y's value is z.
    You can do that by using tags though.
   </para>
   <para>
    Client-header filters are executed after the other header actions have finished
    and use their output as input.
   </para>
   <para>
    If the request URL gets changed, &my-app; will detect that and use the new
    one. This can be used to rewrite the request destination behind the client's
    back, for example to specify a Tor exit relay for certain requests.
   </para>
   <para>
    Please refer to the <link linkend="filter-file">filter file chapter</link>
    to learn which client-header filters are available by default, and how to
    create your own.
   </para>

  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen>
# Hide Tor exit notation in Host and Referer Headers
{+client-header-filter{hide-tor-exit-notation}}
/
    </screen>
    </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="client-header-tagger">
<title>client-header-tagger</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
   Block requests based on their headers.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Client headers to which this action applies are filtered on-the-fly through
    the specified regular expression based substitutions, the result is used as
    tag. 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- boolean, parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The name of a client-header tagger, as defined in one of the
    <link linkend="filter-file">filter files</link>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Client-header taggers are applied to each header on its own,
    and as the header isn't modified, each tagger <quote>sees</quote>
    the original.
   </para>
   <para>
    Client-header taggers are the first actions that are executed
    and their tags can be used to control every other action.
   </para>
 </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen>
# Tag every request with the User-Agent header
{+client-header-tagger{user-agent}}
/
    </screen>
    </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="content-type-overwrite">
<title>content-type-overwrite</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Stop useless download menus from popping up, or change the browser's rendering mode</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Replaces the <quote>Content-Type:</quote> HTTP server header.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Any string. 
   </para>    
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The <quote>Content-Type:</quote> HTTP server header is used by the
    browser to decide what to do with the document. The value of this
    header can cause the browser to open a download menu instead of
    displaying the document by itself, even if the document's format is
    supported by the browser. 
   </para>
   <para>
    The declared content type can also affect which rendering mode
    the browser chooses. If XHTML is delivered as <quote>text/html</quote>,
    many browsers treat it as yet another broken HTML document.
    If it is send as <quote>application/xml</quote>, browsers with
    XHTML support will only display it, if the syntax is correct.
   </para>
   <para>
    If you see a web site that proudly uses XHTML buttons, but sets
    <quote>Content-Type: text/html</quote>, you can use &my-app;
    to overwrite it with <quote>application/xml</quote> and validate
    the web master's claim inside your XHTML-supporting browser.
    If the syntax is incorrect, the browser will complain loudly. 
   </para>
   <para>
    You can also go the opposite direction: if your browser prints
    error messages instead of rendering a document falsely declared
    as XHTML, you can overwrite the content type with
    <quote>text/html</quote> and have it rendered as broken HTML document. 
   </para>
   <para>
    By default <literal>content-type-overwrite</literal> only replaces
    <quote>Content-Type:</quote> headers that look like some kind of text.
    If you want to overwrite it unconditionally, you have to combine it with
    <literal><link linkend="force-text-mode">force-text-mode</link></literal>.
    This limitation exists for a reason, think twice before circumventing it.
   </para>
   <para>
    Most of the time it's easier to replace this action with a custom
    <literal><link linkend="server-header-filter">server-header filter</link></literal>.
    It allows you to activate it for every document of a certain site and it will still
    only replace the content types you aimed at.
   </para>
   <para>
    Of course you can apply <literal>content-type-overwrite</literal>
    to a whole site and then make URL based exceptions, but it's a lot
    more work to get the same precision. 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (sections):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen># Check if www.example.net/ really uses valid XHTML
{ +content-type-overwrite{application/xml} }
www.example.net/

# but leave the content type unmodified if the URL looks like a style sheet
{-content-type-overwrite}
www.example.net/.*\.css$
www.example.net/.*style
</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="crunch-client-header">
<!--
new action
-->
<title>crunch-client-header</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Remove a client header <application>Privoxy</application> has no dedicated action for.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes every header sent by the client that contains the string the user supplied as parameter.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Any string.
   </para>    
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This action allows you to block client headers for which no dedicated
    <application>Privoxy</application> action exists.
    <application>Privoxy</application> will remove every client header that
    contains the string you supplied as parameter.
   </para>
   <para>
    Regular expressions are <emphasis>not supported</emphasis> and you can't
    use this action to block different headers in the same request, unless
    they contain the same string.
   </para>
   <para>
    <literal>crunch-client-header</literal> is only meant for quick tests.
    If you have to block several different headers, or only want to modify
    parts of them, you should use a
    <literal><link linkend="client-header-filter">client-header filter</link></literal>.
   </para>
    <warning>
     <para>
      Don't block any header without understanding the consequences.
     </para>
    </warning>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen># Block the non-existent "Privacy-Violation:" client header 
{ +crunch-client-header{Privacy-Violation:} }
/
    </screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="crunch-if-none-match">
<title>crunch-if-none-match</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Prevent yet another way to track the user's steps between sessions.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes the <quote>If-None-Match:</quote> HTTP client header.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>    
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Removing the <quote>If-None-Match:</quote> HTTP client header
    is useful for filter testing, where you want to force a real
    reload instead of getting status code <quote>304</quote> which
    would cause the browser to use a cached copy of the page.
   </para>
   <para>
    It is also useful to make sure the header isn't used as a cookie
    replacement (unlikely but possible).
   </para>
   <para>
    Blocking the <quote>If-None-Match:</quote> header shouldn't cause any
    caching problems, as long as the <quote>If-Modified-Since:</quote> header
    isn't blocked or missing as well.
   </para>
   <para>
    It is recommended to use this action together with
    <literal><link linkend="hide-if-modified-since">hide-if-modified-since</link></literal>
    and
    <literal><link linkend="overwrite-last-modified">overwrite-last-modified</link></literal>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen># Let the browser revalidate cached documents but don't
# allow the server to use the revalidation headers for user tracking.
{+hide-if-modified-since{-60} \
 +overwrite-last-modified{randomize} \
 +crunch-if-none-match}
/   </screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="crunch-incoming-cookies">
<title>crunch-incoming-cookies</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Prevent the web server from setting HTTP cookies on your system
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes any <quote>Set-Cookie:</quote> HTTP headers from server replies.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This action is only concerned with <emphasis>incoming</emphasis> HTTP cookies. For
    <emphasis>outgoing</emphasis> HTTP cookies, use
    <literal><link linkend="crunch-outgoing-cookies">crunch-outgoing-cookies</link></literal>.
    Use <emphasis>both</emphasis> to disable HTTP cookies completely.
   </para>
   <para>
    It makes <emphasis>no sense at all</emphasis> to use this action in conjunction
    with the <literal><link linkend="session-cookies-only">session-cookies-only</link></literal> action,
    since it would prevent the session cookies from being set. See also 
    <literal><link linkend="filter-content-cookies">filter-content-cookies</link></literal>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <screen>+crunch-incoming-cookies</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="crunch-server-header">
<title>crunch-server-header</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Remove a server header <application>Privoxy</application> has no dedicated action for.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes every header sent by the server that contains the string the user supplied as parameter.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Any string.
   </para>    
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This action allows you to block server headers for which no dedicated
    <application>Privoxy</application> action exists. <application>Privoxy</application>
    will remove every server header that contains the string you supplied as parameter.
   </para>
   <para>
    Regular expressions are <emphasis>not supported</emphasis> and you can't
    use this action to block different headers in the same request, unless
    they contain the same string.
   </para>
   <para>
    <literal>crunch-server-header</literal> is only meant for quick tests.
    If you have to block several different headers, or only want to modify
    parts of them, you should use a custom
    <literal><link linkend="server-header-filter">server-header filter</link></literal>.
   </para>
    <warning>
     <para>
     Don't block any header without understanding the consequences.
     </para>
    </warning>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen># Crunch server headers that try to prevent caching
{ +crunch-server-header{no-cache} }
/   </screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="crunch-outgoing-cookies">
<title>crunch-outgoing-cookies</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Prevent the web server from reading any HTTP cookies from your system
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes any <quote>Cookie:</quote> HTTP headers from client requests.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This action is only concerned with <emphasis>outgoing</emphasis> HTTP cookies. For
    <emphasis>incoming</emphasis> HTTP cookies, use
    <literal><link linkend="crunch-incoming-cookies">crunch-incoming-cookies</link></literal>.
    Use <emphasis>both</emphasis> to disable HTTP cookies completely.
   </para>
   <para>
    It makes <emphasis>no sense at all</emphasis> to use this action in conjunction
    with the <literal><link linkend="session-cookies-only">session-cookies-only</link></literal> action,
    since it would prevent the session cookies from being read.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <screen>+crunch-outgoing-cookies</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="deanimate-gifs">
<title>deanimate-gifs</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Stop those annoying, distracting animated GIF images.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    De-animate GIF animations, i.e. reduce them to their first or last image.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- boolean, parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <quote>last</quote> or <quote>first</quote>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This will also shrink the images considerably (in bytes, not pixels!). If
    the option <quote>first</quote> is given, the first frame of the animation
    is used as the replacement. If <quote>last</quote> is given, the last
    frame of the animation is used instead, which probably makes more sense for
    most banner animations, but also has the risk of not showing the entire
    last frame (if it is only a delta to an earlier frame).
   </para>
   <para>
    You can safely use this action with patterns that will also match non-GIF
    objects, because no attempt will be made at anything that doesn't look like
    a GIF.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
      <screen>+deanimate-gifs{last}</screen>
    </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="downgrade-http-version">
<title>downgrade-http-version</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Work around (very rare) problems with HTTP/1.1</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Downgrades HTTP/1.1 client requests and server replies to HTTP/1.0.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- boolean, parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
<varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This is a left-over from the time when <application>Privoxy</application>
    didn't support important HTTP/1.1 features well. It is left here for the
    unlikely case that you experience HTTP/1.1 related problems with some server
    out there. Not all HTTP/1.1 features and requirements are supported yet,
    so there is a chance you might need this action.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen>{+downgrade-http-version}
problem-host.example.com</screen>
    </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="fast-redirects">
<title>fast-redirects</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Fool some click-tracking scripts and speed up indirect links.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Detects redirection URLs and redirects the browser without contacting
    the redirection server first.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- boolean, parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <itemizedlist>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      <quote>simple-check</quote> to just search for the string <quote>http://</quote>
      to detect redirection URLs.
     </para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      <quote>check-decoded-url</quote> to decode URLs (if necessary) before searching
      for redirection URLs.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </itemizedlist>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>  
    Many sites, like yahoo.com, don't just link to other sites. Instead, they
    will link to some script on their own servers, giving the destination as a
    parameter, which will then redirect you to the final target. URLs
    resulting from this scheme typically look like:
    <quote>http://www.example.org/click-tracker.cgi?target=http%3a//www.example.net/</quote>.
  </para>
   <para>
    Sometimes, there are even multiple consecutive redirects encoded in the
    URL. These redirections via scripts make your web browsing more traceable,
    since the server from which you follow such a link can see where you go
    to. Apart from that, valuable bandwidth and time is wasted, while your
    browser asks the server for one redirect after the other. Plus, it feeds
    the advertisers.
   </para>
   <para>
    This feature is currently not very smart and is scheduled for improvement.
    If it is enabled by default, you will have to create some exceptions to
    this action. It can lead to failures in several ways: 
   </para>
   <para>
    Not every URLs with other URLs as parameters is evil.
    Some sites offer a real service that requires this information to work.
    For example a validation service needs to know, which document to validate.
    <literal>fast-redirects</literal> assumes that every URL parameter that
    looks like another URL is a redirection target, and will always redirect to
    the last one. Most of the time the assumption is correct, but if it isn't,
    the user gets redirected anyway.
   </para>
   <para>
    Another failure occurs if the URL contains other parameters after the URL parameter.
    The URL:
    <quote>http://www.example.org/?redirect=http%3a//www.example.net/&amp;foo=bar</quote>.
    contains the redirection URL <quote>http://www.example.net/</quote>,
    followed by another parameter. <literal>fast-redirects</literal> doesn't know that
    and will cause a redirect to <quote>http://www.example.net/&amp;foo=bar</quote>.
    Depending on the target server configuration, the parameter will be silently ignored
    or lead to a <quote>page not found</quote> error. You can prevent this problem by
    first using the <literal><link linkend="redirect">redirect</link></literal> action
    to remove the last part of the URL, but it requires a little effort.
   </para>
   <para>
    To detect a redirection URL, <literal>fast-redirects</literal> only
    looks for the string <quote>http://</quote>, either in plain text
    (invalid but often used) or encoded as <quote>http%3a//</quote>.
    Some sites use their own URL encoding scheme, encrypt the address
    of the target server or replace it with a database id. In theses cases
    <literal>fast-redirects</literal> is fooled and the request reaches the
    redirection server where it probably gets logged.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen>
 { +fast-redirects{simple-check} }
   one.example.com 

 { +fast-redirects{check-decoded-url} }
   another.example.com/testing</screen>
    </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="filter">
<title>filter</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Get rid of HTML and JavaScript annoyances, banner advertisements (by size), 
         do fun text replacements, add personalized effects, etc.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    All instances of text-based type, most notably HTML and JavaScript, to which
    this action applies, can be filtered on-the-fly through the specified regular
    expression based substitutions. (Note: as of version 3.0.3 plain text documents
    are exempted from filtering, because web servers often use the
   <literal>text/plain</literal> MIME type for all files whose type they don't know.)
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- boolean, parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The name of a content filter, as defined in the <link linkend="filter-file">filter file</link>.
    Filters can be defined in one or more  files as defined by the 
    <literal><link linkend="filterfile">filterfile</link></literal>
    option in the <link linkend="config">config file</link>. 
    <filename>default.filter</filename> is the collection of filters 
    supplied by the developers. Locally defined filters should go 
    in their own file, such as <filename>user.filter</filename>.
   </para>
   <para>
     When used in its negative form,
     and without parameters, <emphasis>all</emphasis> filtering is completely disabled.
  </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    For your convenience, there are a number of pre-defined filters available 
    in the distribution filter file that you can use. See the examples below for
    a list.
   </para>
   <para>
    Filtering requires buffering the page content, which may appear to
    slow down page rendering since nothing is displayed until all content has
    passed the filters. (It does not really take longer, but seems that way
    since the page is not incrementally displayed.) This effect will be more
    noticeable on slower connections.
   </para>
   <para>
   <quote>Rolling your own</quote>
    filters requires a knowledge of 
     <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expressions"><quote>Regular
     Expressions</quote></ulink> and 
      <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Html"><quote>HTML</quote></ulink>.
    This is very powerful feature, and potentially very intrusive. 
    Filters should be used with caution, and where an equivalent
    <quote>action</quote> is not available.
   </para>
   <para>
    The amount of data that can be filtered is limited to the 
    <literal><link linkend="buffer-limit">buffer-limit</link></literal>
    option in the main <link linkend="config">config file</link>. The 
    default is 4096 KB (4 Megs). Once this limit is exceeded, the buffered
    data, and all pending data, is passed through unfiltered. 
   </para>
   <para>
    Inappropriate MIME types, such as zipped files, are not filtered at all.
    (Again, only text-based types except plain text). Encrypted SSL data
    (from HTTPS servers) cannot be filtered either, since this would violate
    the integrity of the secure transaction. In some situations it might
    be necessary to protect certain text, like source code, from filtering
    by defining appropriate <literal>-filter</literal> exceptions.
   </para>
   <para>
    Compressed content can't be filtered either, unless &my-app;
    is compiled with zlib support (requires at least &my-app; 3.0.7),
    in which case &my-app; will decompress the content before filtering
    it.
   </para>
   <para>
    If you use a &my-app; version without zlib support, but want filtering to work on
    as much documents as possible, even those that would normally be sent compressed,
    you must use the <literal><link linkend="prevent-compression">prevent-compression</link></literal>
    action in conjunction with <literal>filter</literal>.
   </para>
   <para>
    Content filtering can achieve some of the same effects as the 
    <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal>
    action, i.e. it can be used to block ads and banners. But the mechanism 
    works quite differently. One effective use, is to block ad banners 
    based on their size (see below), since many of these seem to be somewhat 
    standardized.
   </para>
   <para>
    <link linkend="contact">Feedback</link> with suggestions for new or
    improved filters is particularly welcome!
   </para>
   <para>
    The below list has only the names and a one-line description of each
    predefined filter. There are <link linkend="predefined-filters">more
    verbose explanations</link> of what these filters do in the <link
    linkend="filter-file">filter file chapter</link>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (with filters from the distribution <filename>default.filter</filename> file).
  See <link linkend="PREDEFINED-FILTERS">the Predefined Filters section</link> for 
  more explanation on each:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-js-annoyances">
    <screen>+filter{js-annoyances}       # Get rid of particularly annoying JavaScript abuse</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-js-events">
    <screen>+filter{js-events}           # Kill all JS event bindings (Radically destructive! Only for extra nasty sites)</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-html-annoyances">
    <screen>+filter{html-annoyances}     # Get rid of particularly annoying HTML abuse</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-content-cookies">
    <screen>+filter{content-cookies}     # Kill cookies that come in the HTML or JS content</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-refresh-tags">
    <screen>+filter{refresh-tags}        # Kill automatic refresh tags (for dial-on-demand setups)</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-unsolicited-popups">
    <screen>+filter{unsolicited-popups}  # Disable only unsolicited pop-up windows. Useful if your browser lacks this ability.</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-all-popups">
    <screen>+filter{all-popups}          # Kill all popups in JavaScript and HTML. Useful if your browser lacks this ability.</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-img-reorder">
    <screen>+filter{img-reorder}         # Reorder attributes in &lt;img&gt; tags to make the banners-by-* filters more effective</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-banners-by-size">
    <screen>+filter{banners-by-size}     # Kill banners by size</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-banners-by-link">
    <screen>+filter{banners-by-link}     # Kill banners by their links to known clicktrackers</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-webbugs">
    <screen>+filter{webbugs}             # Squish WebBugs (1x1 invisible GIFs used for user tracking)</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-tiny-textforms">
    <screen>+filter{tiny-textforms}      # Extend those tiny textareas up to 40x80 and kill the hard wrap</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-jumping-windows">
    <screen>+filter{jumping-windows}     # Prevent windows from resizing and moving themselves</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-frameset-borders">
    <screen>+filter{frameset-borders}    # Give frames a border and make them resizeable</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-demoronizer">
    <screen>+filter{demoronizer}         # Fix MS's non-standard use of standard charsets</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-shockwave-flash">
    <screen>+filter{shockwave-flash}     # Kill embedded Shockwave Flash objects</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-quicktime-kioskmode">
    <screen>+filter{quicktime-kioskmode} # Make Quicktime movies savable</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-fun">
    <screen>+filter{fun}                 # Text replacements for subversive browsing fun!</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-crude-parental">
    <screen>+filter{crude-parental}      # Crude parental filtering (demo only)</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-ie-exploits">
    <screen>+filter{ie-exploits}         # Disable a known Internet Explorer bug exploits</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-site-specifics">
    <screen>+filter{site-specifics}      # Custom filters for specific site related problems</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-google">
    <screen>+filter{google}              # Removes text ads and other Google specific improvements</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-yahoo">
    <screen>+filter{yahoo}               # Removes text ads and other Yahoo specific improvements</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-msn">
    <screen>+filter{msn}                 # Removes text ads and other MSN specific improvements</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-blogspot">
    <screen>+filter{blogspot}            # Cleans up Blogspot blogs</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    <anchor id="filter-no-ping">
    <screen>+filter{no-ping}             # Removes non-standard ping attributes from anchor and area tags</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="force-text-mode">
<title>force-text-mode</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Force <application>Privoxy</application> to treat a document as if it was in some kind of <emphasis>text</emphasis> format.   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Declares a document as text, even if the <quote>Content-Type:</quote> isn't detected as such.
   </para>    
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    As explained <literal><link linkend="filter">above</link></literal>,
    <application>Privoxy</application> tries to only filter files that are
    in some kind of text format. The same restrictions apply to
    <literal><link linkend="content-type-overwrite">content-type-overwrite</link></literal>.
    <literal>force-text-mode</literal> declares a document as text,
    without looking at the <quote>Content-Type:</quote> first.
   </para>
   <warning> 
    <para>
     Think twice before activating this action. Filtering binary data
     with regular expressions can cause file damage.
    </para>
   </warning>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     <screen>
+force-text-mode
     </screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="forward-override">
<title>forward-override</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Change the forwarding settings based on User-Agent or request origin</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Overrules the forward directives in the configuration file.
   </para>    
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Multi-value.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <itemizedlist>
    <listitem>
     <para><quote>forward .</quote> to use a direct connection without any additional proxies.</para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      <quote>forward 127.0.0.1:8123</quote> to use the HTTP proxy listening at 127.0.0.1 port 8123.
     </para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      <quote>forward-socks4a 127.0.0.1:9050 .</quote> to use the socks4a proxy listening at
      127.0.0.1 port 9050. Replace <quote>forward-socks4a</quote> with <quote>forward-socks4</quote>
      to use a socks4 connection  (with local DNS resolution) instead, use <quote>forward-socks5</quote>
      for socks5 connections (with remote DNS resolution).
     </para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      <quote>forward-socks4a 127.0.0.1:9050 proxy.example.org:8000</quote> to use the socks4a proxy
      listening at 127.0.0.1 port 9050 to reach the HTTP proxy listening at proxy.example.org port 8000.
      Replace <quote>forward-socks4a</quote> with <quote>forward-socks4</quote> to use a socks4 connection
      (with local DNS resolution) instead, use <quote>forward-socks5</quote>
      for socks5 connections (with remote DNS resolution).
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </itemizedlist>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This action takes parameters similar to the
    <link linkend="forwarding">forward</link> directives in the configuration
    file, but without the URL pattern. It can be used as replacement, but normally it's only
    used in cases where matching based on the request URL isn't sufficient.
   </para>
   <warning> 
    <para>
     Please read the description for the <link linkend="forwarding">forward</link> directives before
     using this action. Forwarding to the wrong people will reduce your privacy and increase the
     chances of man-in-the-middle attacks.
    </para>
    <para>
     If the ports are missing or invalid, default values will be used. This might change
     in the future and you shouldn't rely on it. Otherwise incorrect syntax causes Privoxy
     to exit.
    </para>
    <para>
     Use the <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info">show-url-info CGI page</ulink>
     to verify that your forward settings do what you thought the do.
    </para>
   </warning>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     <screen>
# Always use direct connections for requests previously tagged as
# <quote>User-Agent: fetch libfetch/2.0</quote> and make sure
# resuming downloads continues to work.
# This way you can continue to use Tor for your normal browsing,
# without overloading the Tor network with your FreeBSD ports updates
# or downloads of bigger files like ISOs.
# Note that HTTP headers are easy to fake and therefore their
# values are as (un)trustworthy as your clients and users.
{+forward-override{forward .} \
 -hide-if-modified-since      \
 -overwrite-last-modified     \
}
TAG:^User-Agent: fetch libfetch/2\.0$
     </screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="handle-as-empty-document">
<title>handle-as-empty-document</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Mark URLs that should be replaced by empty documents <emphasis>if they get blocked</emphasis></para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This action alone doesn't do anything noticeable. It just marks URLs.
    If the <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal> action <emphasis>also applies</emphasis>,
    the presence or absence of this mark decides whether an HTML <quote>BLOCKED</quote>
    page, or an empty document will be sent to the client as a substitute for the blocked content.
    The <emphasis>empty</emphasis> document isn't literally empty, but actually contains a single space.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Some browsers complain about syntax errors if JavaScript documents
    are blocked with <application>Privoxy's</application>
    default HTML page; this option can be used to silence them.
    And of course this action can also be used to eliminate the &my-app;
    BLOCKED message in frames.
   </para>
   <para>
    The content type for the empty document can be specified with
    <literal><link linkend="content-type-overwrite">content-type-overwrite{}</link></literal>,
    but usually this isn't necessary.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     <screen># Block all documents on example.org that end with ".js",
# but send an empty document instead of the usual HTML message. 
{+block +handle-as-empty-document}
example.org/.*\.js$
     </screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="handle-as-image">
<title>handle-as-image</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Mark URLs as belonging to images (so they'll be replaced by images <emphasis>if they do get blocked</emphasis>, rather than HTML pages)</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This action alone doesn't do anything noticeable. It just marks URLs as images.
    If the <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal> action <emphasis>also applies</emphasis>,
    the presence or absence of this mark decides whether an HTML <quote>blocked</quote>
    page, or a replacement image (as determined by the <literal><link
    linkend="set-image-blocker">set-image-blocker</link></literal> action) will be sent to the
    client as a substitute for the blocked content.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The below generic example section is actually part of <filename>default.action</filename>.
    It marks all URLs with well-known image file name extensions as images and should
    be left intact. 
   </para>
   <para>
    Users will probably only want to use the handle-as-image action in conjunction with
    <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal>, to block sources of banners, whose URLs don't
    reflect the file type, like in the second example section.
   </para>
   <para>
    Note that you cannot treat HTML pages as images in most cases. For instance, (in-line) ad
    frames require an HTML page to be sent, or they won't display properly.
    Forcing <literal>handle-as-image</literal> in this situation will not replace the
    ad frame with an image, but lead to error messages.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (sections):</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     <screen># Generic image extensions:
#
{+handle-as-image}
/.*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|ico)$

# These don't look like images, but they're banners and should be
# blocked as images:
#
{+block +handle-as-image}
some.nasty-banner-server.com/junk.cgi\?output=trash

# Banner source! Who cares if they also have non-image content?
ad.doubleclick.net 
</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="hide-accept-language">
<title>hide-accept-language</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Pretend to use different language settings.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes or replaces the <quote>Accept-Language:</quote> HTTP header in client requests.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Keyword: <quote>block</quote>, or any user defined value.
   </para>    
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Faking the browser's language settings can be useful to make a
    foreign User-Agent set with
    <literal><link linkend="hide-user-agent">hide-user-agent</link></literal>
    more believable.
   </para>
   <para>
    However some sites with content in different languages check the
    <quote>Accept-Language:</quote> to decide which one to take by default.
    Sometimes it isn't possible to later switch to another language without
    changing the <quote>Accept-Language:</quote> header first.
   </para>
   <para>
    Therefore it's a good idea to either only change the
    <quote>Accept-Language:</quote> header to languages you understand,
    or to languages that aren't wide spread.
   </para>
   <para>
    Before setting the <quote>Accept-Language:</quote> header
    to a rare language, you should consider that it helps to
    make your requests unique and thus easier to trace.
    If you don't plan to change this header frequently,
    you should stick to a common language. 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen># Pretend to use Canadian language settings.
{+hide-accept-language{en-ca} \
+hide-user-agent{Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; OpenBSD i386; en-CA; rv:1.8.0.4) Gecko/20060628 Firefox/1.5.0.4} \
}
/   </screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="hide-content-disposition">
<title>hide-content-disposition</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Prevent download menus for content you prefer to view inside the browser.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes or replaces the <quote>Content-Disposition:</quote> HTTP header set by some servers.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Keyword: <quote>block</quote>, or any user defined value.
   </para>    
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Some servers set the <quote>Content-Disposition:</quote> HTTP header for
    documents they assume you want to save locally before viewing them.
    The <quote>Content-Disposition:</quote> header contains the file name
    the browser is supposed to use by default.
   </para>
   <para>
    In most browsers that understand this header, it makes it impossible to
    <emphasis>just view</emphasis> the document, without downloading it first,
    even if it's just a simple text file or an image.
   </para>
   <para>
    Removing the <quote>Content-Disposition:</quote> header helps
    to prevent this annoyance, but some browsers additionally check the
    <quote>Content-Type:</quote> header, before they decide if they can
    display a document without saving it first. In these cases, you have
    to change this header as well, before the browser stops displaying
    download menus.
   </para>
   <para>
    It is also possible to change the server's file name suggestion
    to another one, but in most cases it isn't worth the time to set
    it up.
   </para>
   <para>
    This action will probably be removed in the future,
    use server-header filters instead.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen># Disarm the download link in Sourceforge's patch tracker
{ -filter \
 +content-type-overwrite{text/plain}\
 +hide-content-disposition{block} }
 .sourceforge.net/tracker/download\.php</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="hide-if-modified-since">
<title>hide-if-modified-since</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Prevent yet another way to track the user's steps between sessions.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes the <quote>If-Modified-Since:</quote> HTTP client header or modifies its value. 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Keyword: <quote>block</quote>, or a user defined value that specifies a range of hours.
   </para>    
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Removing this header is useful for filter testing, where you want to force a real
    reload instead of getting status code <quote>304</quote>, which would cause the
    browser to use a cached copy of the page.
   </para>
   <para>
    Instead of removing the header, <literal>hide-if-modified-since</literal> can
    also add or subtract a random amount of time to/from the header's value.
    You specify a range of minutes where the random factor should be chosen from and
    <application>Privoxy</application> does the rest. A negative value means
    subtracting, a positive value adding.
   </para>
   <para>
    Randomizing the value of the <quote>If-Modified-Since:</quote> makes
    it less likely that the server can use the time as a cookie replacement,
    but you will run into caching problems if the random range is too high.
   </para>
   <para>
    It is a good idea to only use a small negative value and let
    <literal><link linkend="overwrite-last-modified">overwrite-last-modified</link></literal>
    handle the greater changes.
   </para>
   <para>
    It is also recommended to use this action together with
    <literal><link linkend="crunch-if-none-match">crunch-if-none-match</link></literal>,
    otherwise it's more or less pointless.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen># Let the browser revalidate but make tracking based on the time less likely.
{+hide-if-modified-since{-60} \
 +overwrite-last-modified{randomize} \
 +crunch-if-none-match}
/</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="hide-forwarded-for-headers">
<title>hide-forwarded-for-headers</title>
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Improve privacy by not forwarding the source of the request in the HTTP headers.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes any existing <quote>X-Forwarded-for:</quote> HTTP header from client requests.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    It is safe and recommended to leave this on.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen>+hide-forwarded-for-headers</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="hide-from-header">
<title>hide-from-header</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Keep your (old and ill) browser from telling web servers your email address</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes any existing <quote>From:</quote> HTTP header, or replaces it with the
    specified string.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Keyword: <quote>block</quote>, or any user defined value.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The keyword <quote>block</quote> will completely remove the header 
    (not to be confused with the <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal>
    action).
   </para>
   <para>
    Alternately, you can specify any value you prefer to be sent to the web
    server. If you do, it is a matter of fairness not to use any address that
    is actually used by a real person.
   </para>
   <para>
    This action is rarely needed, as modern web browsers don't send
    <quote>From:</quote> headers anymore.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <screen>+hide-from-header{block}</screen> or
    <screen>+hide-from-header{spam-me-senseless@sittingduck.example.com}</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="hide-referrer">
<title>hide-referrer</title>
<anchor id="hide-referer">
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Conceal which link you followed to get to a particular site</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes the <quote>Referer:</quote> (sic) HTTP header from the client request,
    or replaces it with a forged one.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <itemizedlist>
    <listitem>
     <para><quote>conditional-block</quote> to delete the header completely if the host has changed.</para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para><quote>conditional-forge</quote> to forge the header if the host has changed.</para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para><quote>block</quote> to delete the header unconditionally.</para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para><quote>forge</quote> to pretend to be coming from the homepage of the server we are talking to.</para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para>Any other string to set a user defined referrer.</para>
    </listitem>
   </itemizedlist>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <literal>conditional-block</literal> is the only parameter,
    that isn't easily detected in the server's log file. If it blocks the
    referrer, the request will look like the visitor used a bookmark or
    typed in the address directly.
   </para>
   <para>
    Leaving the referrer unmodified for requests on the same host
    allows the server owner to see the visitor's <quote>click path</quote>,
    but in most cases she could also get that information by comparing
    other parts of the log file: for example the User-Agent if it isn't
    a very common one, or the user's IP address if it doesn't change between
    different requests.
   </para>
   <para>
    Always blocking the referrer, or using a custom one, can lead to
    failures on servers that check the referrer before they answer any
    requests, in an attempt to prevent their content from being
    embedded or linked to elsewhere.
   </para>
   <para>
    Both <literal>conditional-block</literal> and <literal>forge</literal>
    will work with referrer checks, as long as content and valid referring page
    are on the same host. Most of the time that's the case.
   </para>
   <para>  
    <literal>hide-referer</literal> is an alternate spelling of
    <literal>hide-referrer</literal> and the two can be can be freely
    substituted with each other. (<quote>referrer</quote> is the
    correct English spelling, however the HTTP specification has a bug - it
    requires it to be spelled as <quote>referer</quote>.) 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     <screen>+hide-referrer{forge}</screen> or
     <screen>+hide-referrer{http://www.yahoo.com/}</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="hide-user-agent">
<title>hide-user-agent</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Try to conceal your type of browser and client operating system</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Replaces the value of the <quote>User-Agent:</quote> HTTP header
    in client requests with the specified value.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Any user-defined string.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <warning> 
    <para>
     This can lead to problems on web sites that depend on looking at this header in
     order to customize their content for different browsers (which, by the
     way, is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> the right thing to do: good web sites
     work browser-independently). 
    </para>
   </warning>
   <para>
    Using this action in multi-user setups or wherever different types of
    browsers will access the same <application>Privoxy</application> is
    <emphasis>not recommended</emphasis>. In single-user, single-browser
    setups, you might use it to delete your OS version information from
    the headers, because it is an invitation to exploit known bugs for your
    OS. It is also occasionally useful to forge this in order to access 
    sites that won't let you in otherwise (though there may be a good 
    reason in some cases). Example of this: some MSN sites will not 
    let <application>Mozilla</application> enter, yet forging to a 
    <application>Netscape 6.1</application> user-agent works just fine.
    (Must be just a silly MS goof, I'm sure :-).
   </para>
   <para>
     More information on known user-agent strings can be found at 
     <ulink url="http://www.user-agents.org/">http://www.user-agents.org/</ulink>
     and 
     <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent</ulink>.
   </para>
   </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     <screen>+hide-user-agent{Netscape 6.1 (X11; I; Linux 2.4.18 i686)}</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="inspect-jpegs">
<title>inspect-jpegs</title>
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Try to protect against a MS buffer over-run in JPEG processing</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Protect against a known exploit
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    See Microsoft Security Bulletin MS04-028. JPEG images are one of the most 
    common image types found across the Internet. The exploit as described can 
    allow execution of code on the target system, giving an attacker access 
    to the system in question by merely planting an altered JPEG image, which 
    would have no obvious indications of what lurks inside. This action
    tries to prevent this exploit if delivered through unencrypted HTTP.
   </para>
   <para>
    Note that the exploit mentioned is several years old
    and it's unlikely that your client is still vulnerable
    against it. This action may be removed in one of the
    next releases.
   </para>
  
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para><screen>+inspect-jpegs</screen></para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="kill-popups">
<title>kill-popups<anchor id="kill-popup"></title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Eliminate those annoying pop-up windows (deprecated)</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    While loading the document, replace JavaScript code that opens
    pop-up windows with (syntactically neutral) dummy code on the fly.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This action is basically a built-in, hardwired special-purpose filter
    action, but there are important differences: For <literal>kill-popups</literal>,
    the document need not be buffered, so it can be incrementally rendered while
    downloading. But <literal>kill-popups</literal> doesn't catch as many pop-ups as
    <literal><link
    linkend="FILTER-ALL-POPUPS">filter{<replaceable>all-popups</replaceable>}</link></literal>
    does and is not as smart as <literal><link
    linkend="FILTER-UNSOLICITED-POPUPS">filter{<replaceable>unsolicited-popups</replaceable>}</link>
    </literal>is.
   </para>
   <para>
    Think of it as a fast and efficient replacement for a filter that you
    can use if you don't want any filtering at all. Note that it doesn't make
    sense to combine it with any <literal><link linkend="filter">filter</link></literal> action,
    since as soon as one <literal><link linkend="filter">filter</link></literal> applies,
    the whole document needs to be buffered anyway, which destroys the advantage of
    the <literal>kill-popups</literal> action over its filter equivalent.
   </para>
   <para>
    Killing all pop-ups unconditionally is problematic. Many shops and banks rely on
    pop-ups to display forms, shopping carts etc, and the <literal><link
    linkend="FILTER-UNSOLICITED-POPUPS">filter{<replaceable>unsolicited-popups</replaceable>}</link>
    </literal> does a better job of catching only the unwanted ones.
   </para>
   <para>
    If the only kind of pop-ups that you want to kill are exit consoles (those
    <emphasis>really nasty</emphasis> windows that appear when you close an other
    one), you might want to use
    <literal><link
    linkend="filter">filter</link>{<replaceable>js-annoyances</replaceable>}</literal>
    instead. 
   </para>
   <para>
    This action is most appropriate for browsers that don't have any controls 
    for unwanted pop-ups. Not recommended for general usage.
   </para>
   <para>
    This action doesn't work very reliable and may be removed in future releases.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para><screen>+kill-popups</screen></para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="limit-connect">
<title>limit-connect</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Prevent abuse of <application>Privoxy</application> as a TCP proxy relay or disable SSL for untrusted sites</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Specifies to which ports HTTP CONNECT requests are allowable.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    A comma-separated list of ports or port ranges (the latter using dashes, with the minimum
    defaulting to 0 and the maximum to 65K).
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    By default, i.e. if no <literal>limit-connect</literal> action applies,
    <application>Privoxy</application> only allows HTTP CONNECT
    requests to port 443 (the standard, secure HTTPS port). Use 
    <literal>limit-connect</literal> if more fine-grained control is desired
    for some or all destinations.
   </para>
   <para>
    The CONNECT methods exists in HTTP to allow access to secure websites
    (<quote>https://</quote> URLs) through proxies. It works very simply:
    the proxy connects to the server on the specified port, and then
    short-circuits its connections to the client and to the remote server.
    This means CONNECT-enabled proxies can be used as TCP relays very easily.
  </para>
  <para>
   <application>Privoxy</application> relays HTTPS traffic without seeing
   the decoded content. Websites can leverage this limitation to circumvent &my-app;'s
   filters. By specifying an invalid port range you can disable HTTPS entirely.
   If you plan to disable SSL by default, consider enabling 
   <literal><link linkend="treat-forbidden-connects-like-blocks ">treat-forbidden-connects-like-blocks</link></literal>
   as well, to be able to quickly create exceptions.
  </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usages:</term>
  <listitem>
   <!-- I had trouble getting the spacing to look right in my browser -->
   <!-- I probably have the wrong font setup, bollocks. -->
   <!-- Apparently the emphasis tag uses a proportional font no matter what -->
    <para>
     <screen>+limit-connect{443}                   # This is the default and need not be specified.
+limit-connect{80,443}                # Ports 80 and 443 are OK.
+limit-connect{-3, 7, 20-100, 500-}   # Ports less than 3, 7, 20 to 100 and above 500 are OK.
+limit-connect{-}                     # All ports are OK
+limit-connect{,}                     # No HTTPS/SSL traffic is allowed</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="prevent-compression">
<title>prevent-compression</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Ensure that servers send the content uncompressed, so it can be
    passed through <literal><link linkend="filter">filter</link></literal>s.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Removes the Accept-Encoding header which can be used to ask for compressed transfer.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    More and more websites send their content compressed by default, which
    is generally a good idea and saves bandwidth. But the <literal><link
    linkend="filter">filter</link></literal>, <literal><link linkend="deanimate-gifs">deanimate-gifs</link></literal>
    and <literal><link linkend="kill-popups">kill-popups</link></literal> actions need
    access to the uncompressed data.
   </para>
   <para>
    When compiled with zlib support (available since &my-app; 3.0.7), content that should be
    filtered is decompressed on-the-fly and you don't have to worry about this action.
    If you are using an older &my-app; version, or one that hasn't been compiled with zlib
    support, this action can be used to convince the server to send the content uncompressed.
   </para>
   <para>
    Most text-based instances compress very well, the size is seldom decreased by less than 50%,
    for markup-heavy instances like news feeds saving more than 90% of the original size isn't
    unusual. 
   </para>
   <para>
    Not using compression will therefore slow down the transfer, and you should only
    enable this action if you really need it. As of &my-app; 3.0.7 it's disabled in all
    predefined action settings.
   </para>
   <para>
    Note that some (rare) ill-configured sites don't handle requests for uncompressed
    documents correctly. Broken PHP applications tend to send an empty document body,
    some IIS versions only send the beginning of the content. If you enable
    <literal>prevent-compression</literal> per default, you might want to add
    exceptions for those sites. See the example for how to do that.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (sections):</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <screen>
# Selectively turn off compression, and enable a filter
#
{ +filter{tiny-textforms} +prevent-compression }
# Match only these sites
 .google.
 sourceforge.net
 sf.net

# Or instead, we could set a universal default:
#
{ +prevent-compression }
 / # Match all sites

# Then maybe make exceptions for broken sites:
#
{ -prevent-compression }
.compusa.com/</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="overwrite-last-modified">
<title>overwrite-last-modified</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Prevent yet another way to track the user's steps between sessions.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes the <quote>Last-Modified:</quote> HTTP server header or modifies its value. 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    One of the keywords: <quote>block</quote>, <quote>reset-to-request-time</quote>
    and <quote>randomize</quote>
   </para>    
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Removing the <quote>Last-Modified:</quote> header is useful for filter
    testing, where you want to force a real reload instead of getting status
    code <quote>304</quote>, which would cause the browser to reuse the old
    version of the page.
   </para>
   <para>
    The <quote>randomize</quote> option overwrites the value of the
    <quote>Last-Modified:</quote> header with a randomly chosen time
    between the original value and the current time. In theory the server
    could send each document with a different <quote>Last-Modified:</quote>
    header to track visits without using cookies. <quote>Randomize</quote>
    makes it impossible and the browser can still revalidate cached documents. 
   </para>
   <para>
    <quote>reset-to-request-time</quote> overwrites the value of the
    <quote>Last-Modified:</quote> header with the current time. You could use
    this option together with
    <literal><link linkend="hide-if-modified-since">hided-if-modified-since</link></literal>
    to further customize your random range.
   </para>
   <para>
    The preferred parameter here is <quote>randomize</quote>. It is safe
    to use, as long as the time settings are more or less correct.
    If the server sets the <quote>Last-Modified:</quote> header to the time
    of the request, the random range becomes zero and the value stays the same.
    Therefore you should later randomize it a second time with
    <literal><link linkend="hide-if-modified-since">hided-if-modified-since</link></literal>,
    just to be sure. 
   </para>
   <para>
    It is also recommended to use this action together with
    <literal><link linkend="crunch-if-none-match">crunch-if-none-match</link></literal>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen># Let the browser revalidate without being tracked across sessions
{ +hide-if-modified-since{-60} \
 +overwrite-last-modified{randomize} \
 +crunch-if-none-match}
/</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="redirect">
<title>redirect</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Redirect requests to other sites.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Convinces the browser that the requested document has been moved
    to another location and the browser should get it from there.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    An absolute URL or a single pcrs command.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Requests to which this action applies are answered with a
    HTTP redirect to URLs of your choosing. The new URL is
    either provided as parameter, or derived by applying a
    single pcrs command to the original URL.
   </para>
   <para>
    This action will be ignored if you use it together with
    <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal>.
    It can be combined with
    <literal><link linkend="fast-redirects">fast-redirects{check-decoded-url}</link></literal>
    to redirect to a decoded version of a rewritten URL.
   </para>
   <para>
    Use this action carefully, make sure not to create redirection loops
    and be aware that using your own redirects might make it
    possible to fingerprint your requests.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usages:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <screen># Replace example.com's style sheet with another one
{ +redirect{http://localhost/css-replacements/example.com.css} }
 example.com/stylesheet\.css

# Create a short, easy to remember nickname for a favorite site
# (relies on the browser accept and forward invalid URLs to &my-app;)
{ +redirect{http://www.privoxy.org/user-manual/actions-file.html} }
 a

# Always use the expanded view for Undeadly.org articles
# (Note the $ at the end of the URL pattern to make sure
# the request for the rewritten URL isn't redirected as well)
{+redirect{s@$@&amp;mode=expanded@}}
undeadly.org/cgi\?action=article&amp;sid=\d*$</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="send-vanilla-wafer">
<title>send-vanilla-wafer</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Feed log analysis scripts with useless data.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Sends a cookie with each request stating that you do not accept any copyright
    on cookies sent to you, and asking the site operator not to track you.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The vanilla wafer is a (relatively) unique header and could conceivably be used to track you.
   </para>
   <para>
    This action is rarely used and not enabled in the default configuration.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     <screen>+send-vanilla-wafer</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="send-wafer">
<title>send-wafer</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Send custom cookies or feed log analysis scripts with even more useless data.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Sends a custom, user-defined cookie with each request.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Multi-value.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    A string of the form <quote><replaceable class="option">name</replaceable>=<replaceable
    class="parameter">value</replaceable></quote>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Being multi-valued, multiple instances of this action can apply to the same request,
    resulting in multiple cookies being sent.
   </para>
   <para>
    This action is rarely used and not enabled in the default configuration.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <screen>{+send-wafer{UsingPrivoxy=true}}
my-internal-testing-server.void</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="server-header-filter">
<title>server-header-filter</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
   Rewrite or remove single server headers.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    All server headers to which this action applies are filtered on-the-fly
    through the specified regular expression based substitutions.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- boolean, parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The name of a server-header filter, as defined in one of the
    <link linkend="filter-file">filter files</link>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Server-header filters are applied to each header on its own, not to
    all at once. This makes it easier to diagnose problems, but on the downside
    you can't write filters that only change header x if header y's value is z.
    You can do that by using tags though.
   </para>
   <para>
    Server-header filters are executed after the other header actions have finished
    and use their output as input.
   </para>
   <para>
    Please refer to the <link linkend="filter-file">filter file chapter</link>
    to learn which server-header filters are available by default, and how to
    create your own.
   </para>
 </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen>
{+server-header-filter{html-to-xml}}
example.org/xml-instance-that-is-delivered-as-html

{+server-header-filter{xml-to-html}}
example.org/instance-that-is-delivered-as-xml-but-is-not
    </screen>
    </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="server-header-tagger">
<title>server-header-tagger</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
   Enable or disable filters based on the Content-Type header.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Server headers to which this action applies are filtered on-the-fly through
    the specified regular expression based substitutions, the result is used as
    tag.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- boolean, parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The name of a server-header tagger, as defined in one of the
    <link linkend="filter-file">filter files</link>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Server-header taggers are applied to each header on its own,
    and as the header isn't modified, each tagger <quote>sees</quote>
    the original.
   </para>
   <para>
    Server-header taggers are executed before all other header actions
    that modify server headers. Their tags can be used to control
    all of the other server-header actions, the content filters
    and the crunch actions (<link linkend="redirect">redirect</link>
    and <link linkend="block">block</link>).
   </para>
   <para>
    Obviously crunching based on tags created by server-header taggers
    doesn't prevent the request from showing up in the server's log file.
   </para>

 </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage (section):</term>
  <listitem>
    <para>
     <screen>
# Tag every request with the content type declared by the server
{+server-header-tagger{content-type}}
/
    </screen>
    </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="session-cookies-only">
<title>session-cookies-only</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Allow only temporary <quote>session</quote> cookies (for the current
    browser session <emphasis>only</emphasis>). 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Deletes the <quote>expires</quote> field from <quote>Set-Cookie:</quote>
    server headers. Most browsers will not store such cookies permanently and
    forget them in between sessions.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    N/A
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This is less strict than <literal><link linkend="crunch-incoming-cookies">crunch-incoming-cookies</link></literal> / 
    <literal><link linkend="crunch-outgoing-cookies">crunch-outgoing-cookies</link></literal> and allows you to browse
    websites that insist or rely on setting cookies, without compromising your privacy too badly.
   </para>
   <para>
    Most browsers will not permanently store cookies that have been processed by
    <literal>session-cookies-only</literal> and will forget about them between sessions.
    This makes profiling cookies useless, but won't break sites which require cookies so
    that you can log in for transactions. This is generally turned on for all 
    sites, and is the recommended setting.
   </para>
   <para>
    It makes <emphasis>no sense at all</emphasis> to use <literal>session-cookies-only</literal>
    together with <literal><link linkend="crunch-incoming-cookies">crunch-incoming-cookies</link></literal> or
    <literal><link linkend="crunch-outgoing-cookies">crunch-outgoing-cookies</link></literal>. If you do, cookies
    will be plainly killed.
   </para>
   <para>
    Note that it is up to the browser how it handles such cookies without an <quote>expires</quote>
    field. If you use an exotic browser, you might want to try it out to be sure.
   </para>
   <para>
    This setting also has no effect on cookies that may have been stored
    previously by the browser before starting <application>Privoxy</application>.
    These would have to be removed manually.
   </para>
   <para>
     <application>Privoxy</application> also uses  
     the <link linkend="filter-content-cookies">content-cookies filter</link> 
     to block some types of cookies. Content cookies are not effected by 
     <literal>session-cookies-only</literal>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     <screen>+session-cookies-only</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="set-image-blocker">
<title>set-image-blocker</title>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Choose the replacement for blocked images</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
     This action alone doesn't do anything noticeable. If <emphasis>both</emphasis>
     <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal> <emphasis>and</emphasis> <literal><link
     linkend="handle-as-image">handle-as-image</link></literal> <emphasis>also</emphasis>
     apply, i.e. if the request is to be blocked as an image,
     <emphasis>then</emphasis> the parameter of this action decides what will be
     sent as a replacement.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Parameterized.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <itemizedlist>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      <quote>pattern</quote> to send a built-in checkerboard pattern image. The image is visually
      decent, scales very well, and makes it obvious where banners were busted.
     </para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      <quote>blank</quote> to send a built-in transparent image. This makes banners disappear
      completely, but makes it hard to detect where <application>Privoxy</application> has blocked
      images on a given page and complicates troubleshooting if <application>Privoxy</application>
      has blocked innocent images, like navigation icons.
     </para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      <quote><replaceable class="parameter">target-url</replaceable></quote> to
      send a redirect to <replaceable class="parameter">target-url</replaceable>. You can redirect
      to any image anywhere, even in your local filesystem via <quote>file:///</quote> URL. 
      (But note that not all browsers support redirecting to a local file system).
     </para>
     <para>
      A good application of redirects is to use special <application>Privoxy</application>-built-in
      URLs, which send the built-in images, as <replaceable class="parameter">target-url</replaceable>.
      This has the same visual effect as specifying <quote>blank</quote> or <quote>pattern</quote> in
      the first place, but enables your browser to cache the replacement image, instead of requesting
      it over and over again.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </itemizedlist>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The URLs for the built-in images are <quote>http://config.privoxy.org/send-banner?type=<replaceable
    class="parameter">type</replaceable></quote>, where <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable> is
    either <quote>blank</quote> or <quote>pattern</quote>.
   </para>
   <para>
    There is a third (advanced) type, called <quote>auto</quote>. It is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> to be
    used in <literal>set-image-blocker</literal>, but meant for use from <link linkend="filter-file">filters</link>.
    Auto will select the type of image that would have applied to the referring page, had it been an image.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Built-in pattern:
   </para>
   <para>
    <screen>+set-image-blocker{pattern}</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    Redirect to the BSD daemon:
   </para>
   <para>
    <screen>+set-image-blocker{http://www.freebsd.org/gifs/dae_up3.gif}</screen>
   </para>
   <para>
    Redirect to the built-in pattern for better caching:
   </para>
   <para>
    <screen>+set-image-blocker{http://config.privoxy.org/send-banner?type=pattern}</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3 renderas="sect4" id="treat-forbidden-connects-like-blocks">
<title>treat-forbidden-connects-like-blocks</title>
<!--
new action
-->
<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term>Typical use:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>Block forbidden connects with an easy to find error message.</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Effect:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    If this action is enabled, <application>Privoxy</application> no longer
    makes a difference between forbidden connects and ordinary blocks. 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Type:</term>
  <!-- Boolean, Parameterized, Multi-value -->
  <listitem>
   <para>Boolean</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Parameter:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>N/A</para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Notes:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    By default <application>Privoxy</application> answers
    <link linkend="limit-connect">forbidden <quote>Connect</quote> requests</link>
    with a short error message inside the headers. If the browser doesn't display
    headers (most don't), you just see an empty page.
   </para>
   <para>
    With this action enabled, <application>Privoxy</application> displays
    the message that is used for ordinary blocks instead. If you decide
    to make an exception for the page in question, you can do so by
    following the <quote>See why</quote> link.
   </para>
   <para>
    For <quote>Connect</quote> requests the clients tell
    <application>Privoxy</application> which host they are interested
    in, but not which document they plan to get later. As a result, the
    <quote>Go there anyway</quote> wouldn't work and is therefore suppressed.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term>Example usage:</term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <screen>+treat-forbidden-connects-like-blocks</screen>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect3>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect3>
<title>Summary</title>
<para>
 Note that many of these actions have the potential to cause a page to
 misbehave, possibly even not to display at all. There are many ways 
 a site designer may choose to design his site, and what HTTP header 
 content, and other criteria, he may depend on. There is no way to have hard
 and fast rules for all sites. See the <link
 linkend="ACTIONSANAT">Appendix</link> for a brief example on troubleshooting
 actions.
</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2 id="aliases">
<title>Aliases</title>
<para>
 Custom <quote>actions</quote>, known to <application>Privoxy</application>
 as <quote>aliases</quote>, can be defined by combining other actions.
 These can in turn be invoked just like the built-in actions.
 Currently, an alias name can contain any character except space, tab,
 <quote>=</quote>,
 <quote>{</quote> and <quote>}</quote>, but we <emphasis>strongly 
 recommend</emphasis> that you only use <quote>a</quote> to <quote>z</quote>,
 <quote>0</quote> to <quote>9</quote>, <quote>+</quote>, and <quote>-</quote>.
 Alias names are not case sensitive, and are not required to start with a
 <quote>+</quote> or <quote>-</quote> sign, since they are merely textually
 expanded.
</para>
<para>
 Aliases can be used throughout the actions file, but they <emphasis>must be
 defined in a special section at the top of the file!</emphasis>
 And there can only be one such section per actions file. Each actions file may
 have its own alias section, and the aliases defined in it are only visible
 within that file.
</para>
<para>
 There are two main reasons to use aliases: One is to save typing for frequently
 used combinations of actions, the other one is a gain in flexibility: If you
 decide once how you want to handle shops by defining an alias called
 <quote>shop</quote>, you can later change your policy on shops in
 <emphasis>one</emphasis> place, and your changes will take effect everywhere
 in the actions file where the <quote>shop</quote> alias is used. Calling aliases
 by their purpose also makes your actions files more readable.
</para>
<para>
 Currently, there is one big drawback to using aliases, though:
 <application>Privoxy</application>'s built-in web-based action file
 editor honors aliases when reading the actions files, but it expands
 them before writing. So the effects of your aliases are of course preserved,
 but the aliases themselves are lost when you edit sections that use aliases
 with it.
</para>

<para>
 Now let's define some aliases...
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
 # Useful custom aliases we can use later.
 #
 # Note the (required!) section header line and that this section
 # must be at the top of the actions file!
 #
 {{alias}}

 # These aliases just save typing later:
 # (Note that some already use other aliases!)
 #
 +crunch-all-cookies = +<link linkend="CRUNCH-INCOMING-COOKIES">crunch-incoming-cookies</link> +<link linkend="CRUNCH-OUTGOING-COOKIES">crunch-outgoing-cookies</link>
 -crunch-all-cookies = -<link linkend="CRUNCH-INCOMING-COOKIES">crunch-incoming-cookies</link> -<link linkend="CRUNCH-OUTGOING-COOKIES">crunch-outgoing-cookies</link>
 +block-as-image      = +block +handle-as-image
 allow-all-cookies   = -crunch-all-cookies -<link linkend="SESSION-COOKIES-ONLY">session-cookies-only</link> -<link linkend="FILTER-CONTENT-COOKIES">filter{content-cookies}</link>

 # These aliases define combinations of actions
 # that are useful for certain types of sites:
 #
 fragile     = -<link linkend="BLOCK">block</link> -<link linkend="FILTER">filter</link> -crunch-all-cookies -<link linkend="FAST-REDIRECTS">fast-redirects</link> -<link linkend="HIDE-REFERER">hide-referrer</link> -<link linkend="KILL-POPUPS">kill-popups</link> -<link linkend="PREVENT-COMPRESSION">prevent-compression</link>

 shop        = -crunch-all-cookies -<link linkend="FILTER-ALL-POPUPS">filter{all-popups}</link> -<link linkend="KILL-POPUPS">kill-popups</link>

 # Short names for other aliases, for really lazy people ;-)
 #
 c0 = +crunch-all-cookies
 c1 = -crunch-all-cookies</screen>
</para>

<para>
 ...and put them to use. These sections would appear in the lower part of an 
 actions file and define exceptions to the default actions (as specified further
 up for the <quote>/</quote> pattern):
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
 # These sites are either very complex or very keen on
 # user data and require minimal interference to work:
 #
 {fragile}
 .office.microsoft.com
 .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
 # Gmail is really mail.google.com, not gmail.com
 mail.google.com

 # Shopping sites:
 # Allow cookies (for setting and retrieving your customer data)
 #           
 {shop}
 .quietpc.com
 .worldpay.com   # for quietpc.com
 mybank.example.com

 # These shops require pop-ups:
 #
 {-kill-popups -filter{all-popups} -filter{unsolicited-popups}}
  .dabs.com
  .overclockers.co.uk</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Aliases like <quote>shop</quote> and <quote>fragile</quote> are typically used for 
 <quote>problem</quote> sites that require more than one action to be disabled 
 in order to function properly.
</para>
</sect2>
<!--
hal stop here
-->
<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2 id="act-examples">
<title>Actions Files Tutorial</title>
<para>
 The above chapters have shown <link linkend="actions-file">which actions files
 there are and how they are organized</link>, how actions are <link
 linkend="actions">specified</link> and <link linkend="actions-apply">applied
 to URLs</link>, how <link linkend="af-patterns">patterns</link> work, and how to
 define and use <link linkend="aliases">aliases</link>. Now, let's look at an
 example <filename>default.action</filename> and <filename>user.action</filename>
 file and see how all these pieces come together:
</para>

<sect3><title>default.action</title>

<para>
Every config file should start with a short comment stating its purpose:
</para>

<para>
 <screen># Sample default.action file &lt;ijbswa-developers@lists.sourceforge.net&gt;</screen>
</para>

<para>
Then, since this is the <filename>default.action</filename> file, the
first section is a special section for internal use that you needn't
change or worry about:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
##########################################################################
# Settings -- Don't change! For internal Privoxy use ONLY.
##########################################################################

{{settings}}
for-privoxy-version=3.0</screen>
</para>

<para>
After that comes the (optional) alias section. We'll use the example
section from the above <link linkend="aliases">chapter on aliases</link>,
that also explains why and how aliases are used:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
##########################################################################
# Aliases
##########################################################################
{{alias}}

 # These aliases just save typing later:
 # (Note that some already use other aliases!)
 #
 +crunch-all-cookies = +<link linkend="CRUNCH-INCOMING-COOKIES">crunch-incoming-cookies</link> +<link linkend="CRUNCH-OUTGOING-COOKIES">crunch-outgoing-cookies</link>
 -crunch-all-cookies = -<link linkend="CRUNCH-INCOMING-COOKIES">crunch-incoming-cookies</link> -<link linkend="CRUNCH-OUTGOING-COOKIES">crunch-outgoing-cookies</link>
 +block-as-image      = +block +handle-as-image
 mercy-for-cookies   = -crunch-all-cookies -<link linkend="SESSION-COOKIES-ONLY">session-cookies-only</link> -<link linkend="FILTER-CONTENT-COOKIES">filter{content-cookies}</link>

 # These aliases define combinations of actions
 # that are useful for certain types of sites:
 #
 fragile     = -<link linkend="BLOCK">block</link> -<link linkend="FILTER">filter</link> -crunch-all-cookies -<link linkend="FAST-REDIRECTS">fast-redirects</link> -<link linkend="HIDE-REFERER">hide-referrer</link> -<link linkend="KILL-POPUPS">kill-popups</link>
 shop        = -crunch-all-cookies -<link linkend="FILTER-ALL-POPUPS">filter{all-popups}</link> -<link linkend="KILL-POPUPS">kill-popups</link></screen>
</para>

<para>
 Now come the regular sections, i.e. sets of actions, accompanied
 by URL patterns to which they apply. Remember <emphasis>all actions
 are disabled when matching starts</emphasis>, so we have to explicitly
 enable the ones we want.
</para>

<para>
 The first regular section is probably the most important. It has only
 one pattern, <quote><literal>/</literal></quote>, but this pattern
 <link linkend="af-patterns">matches all URLs</link>. Therefore, the
 set of actions used in this <quote>default</quote> section <emphasis>will
 be applied to all requests as a start</emphasis>. It can  be partly or
 wholly overridden by later matches further down this file, or in user.action,
 but it will still be largely responsible for your overall browsing
 experience.
</para>

<para>
 Again, at the start of matching, all actions are disabled, so there is
 no need to disable any actions here. (Remember: a <quote>+</quote>
 preceding the action name enables the action, a <quote>-</quote> disables!).
 Also note how this long line has been made more readable by splitting it into
 multiple lines with line continuation.
</para> 

<para>
 <screen>
##########################################################################
# "Defaults" section:
##########################################################################
 { \
 +<link linkend="DEANIMATE-GIFS">deanimate-gifs</link> \
 +<link linkend="FILTER-HTML-ANNOYANCES">filter{html-annoyances}</link> \
 +<link linkend="FILTER-REFRESH-TAGS">filter{refresh-tags}</link> \
 +<link linkend="FILTER-WEBBUGS">filter{webbugs}</link> \
 +<link linkend="FILTER-IE-EXPLOITS">filter{ie-exploits}</link> \     
 +<link linkend="HIDE-FORWARDED-FOR-HEADERS">hide-forwarded-for-headers</link> \
 +<link linkend="HIDE-FROM-HEADER">hide-from-header{block}</link> \
 +<link linkend="HIDE-REFERER">hide-referrer{forge}</link> \
 +<link linkend="PREVENT-COMPRESSION">prevent-compression</link> \
 +<link linkend="SESSION-COOKIES-ONLY">session-cookies-only</link> \
 +<link linkend="SET-IMAGE-BLOCKER">set-image-blocker{pattern}</link> \
 }
 / # forward slash will match *all* potential URL patterns.</screen>
</para>

<para>
 The default behavior is now set.
 <!--
 This needs rewording, but it can wait for now.
 fk 2007-11-17

 Note that some actions, like not hiding
 the user agent, are part of a <quote>general policy</quote> that applies
 universally and won't get any exceptions defined later. Other choices,
 like not blocking (which is <emphasis>understandably</emphasis> the
 default!) need exceptions, i.e. we need to specify explicitly what we
 want to block in later sections.
 -->
</para>

<para>
 The first of our specialized sections is concerned with <quote>fragile</quote>
 sites, i.e. sites that require minimum interference, because they are either
 very complex or very keen on tracking you (and have mechanisms in place that
 make them unusable for people who avoid being tracked). We will simply use
 our pre-defined <literal>fragile</literal> alias instead of stating the list
 of actions explicitly:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
##########################################################################
# Exceptions for sites that'll break under the default action set:
##########################################################################

# "Fragile" Use a minimum set of actions for these sites (see alias above):
#
{ fragile }
.office.microsoft.com           # surprise, surprise!
.windowsupdate.microsoft.com
mail.google.com</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Shopping sites are not as fragile, but they typically
 require cookies to log in, and pop-up windows for shopping
 carts or item details. Again, we'll use a pre-defined alias:
</para>
 
<para>
 <screen>
# Shopping sites:
#
{ shop }
.quietpc.com 
.worldpay.com   # for quietpc.com
.jungle.com
.scan.co.uk</screen>
</para>

<!-- No longer needed BEGIN OF COMMENTED OUT BLOCK 

<para>
 Then, there are sites which rely on pop-up windows (yuck!) to work.
 Since we made pop-up-killing our default above, we need to make exceptions
 now. <ulink url="http://www.mozilla.org/">Mozilla</ulink> users, who
 can turn on smart handling of unwanted pop-ups in their browsers, can
 safely choose
 -<literal><link linkend="FILTER-ALL-POPUPS">filter{popups}</link></literal> (and
 -<literal><link linkend="KILL-POPUPS">kill-popups</link></literal>) above
 and hence don't need this section. Anyway, disabling an already disabled
 action doesn't hurt, so we'll define our exceptions regardless of what was
 chosen in the defaults section:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
# These sites require pop-ups too :( 
#
{ -<link linkend="KILL-POPUPS">kill-popups</link> -<link linkend="FILTER-ALL-POPUPS">filter{popups}</link> }
.dabs.com
.overclockers.co.uk
.deutsche-bank-24.de</screen>
</para>

 END OF COMMENTED OUT BLOCK -->

<para>
 The <literal><link linkend="FAST-REDIRECTS">fast-redirects</link></literal>
 action, which we enabled per default above,  breaks some sites. So disable
 it for popular sites where we know it misbehaves:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
{ -<link linkend="FAST-REDIRECTS">fast-redirects</link> }
login.yahoo.com
edit.*.yahoo.com
.google.com
.altavista.com/.*(like|url|link):http
.altavista.com/trans.*urltext=http
.nytimes.com</screen>
</para>

<para>
 It is important that <application>Privoxy</application> knows which
 URLs belong to images, so that <emphasis>if</emphasis> they are to
 be blocked, a substitute image can be sent, rather than an HTML page.
 Contacting the remote site to find out is not an option, since it
 would destroy the loading time advantage of banner blocking, and it
 would feed the advertisers (in terms of money <emphasis>and</emphasis>
 information). We can mark any URL as an image with the <literal><link
 linkend="handle-as-image">handle-as-image</link></literal> action,
 and marking all URLs that end in a known image file extension is a
 good start:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
##########################################################################
# Images:
##########################################################################

# Define which file types will be treated as images, in case they get
# blocked further down this file:
#
{ +<link linkend="HANDLE-AS-IMAGE">handle-as-image</link> }
/.*\.(gif|jpe?g|png|bmp|ico)$</screen>
</para>

<para>
 And then there are known banner sources. They often use scripts to
 generate the banners, so it won't be visible from the URL that the
 request is for an image. Hence we block them <emphasis>and</emphasis>
 mark them as images in one go, with the help of our
 <literal>+block-as-image</literal> alias defined above. (We could of
 course just as well use <literal>+<link linkend="block">block</link>
 +<link linkend="handle-as-image">handle-as-image</link></literal> here.)
 Remember that the type of the replacement image is chosen by the
 <literal><link linkend="set-image-blocker">set-image-blocker</link></literal>
 action. Since all URLs have matched the default section with its
 <literal>+<link linkend="set-image-blocker">set-image-blocker</link>{pattern}</literal>
 action before, it still applies and needn't be repeated:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
# Known ad generators:
#
{ +block-as-image }
ar.atwola.com 
.ad.doubleclick.net
.ad.*.doubleclick.net
.a.yimg.com/(?:(?!/i/).)*$
.a[0-9].yimg.com/(?:(?!/i/).)*$
bs*.gsanet.com
.qkimg.net</screen>
</para>

<para>
 One of the most important jobs of <application>Privoxy</application>
 is to block banners. Many of these can be <quote>blocked</quote>
 by the <literal><link linkend="filter">filter</link>{banners-by-size}</literal>
 action, which we enabled above, and which deletes the references to banner
 images from the pages while they are loaded, so the browser doesn't request
 them anymore, and hence they don't need to be blocked here. But this naturally
 doesn't catch all banners, and some people choose not to use filters, so we
 need a comprehensive list of patterns for banner URLs here, and apply the
 <literal><link linkend="block">block</link></literal> action to them.
</para>
<para>
 First comes many generic patterns, which do most of the work, by
 matching typical domain and path name components of banners. Then comes
 a list of individual patterns for specific sites, which is omitted here
 to keep the example short:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
##########################################################################
# Block these fine banners:
##########################################################################
{ <link linkend="BLOCK">+block</link> }

# Generic patterns:
# 
ad*.
.*ads.
banner?.
count*.
/.*count(er)?\.(pl|cgi|exe|dll|asp|php[34]?)
/(?:.*/)?(publicite|werbung|rekla(ma|me|am)|annonse|maino(kset|nta|s)?)/

# Site-specific patterns (abbreviated):
#
.hitbox.com</screen>
</para>

<para>
 It's quite remarkable how many advertisers actually call their banner
 servers ads.<replaceable>company</replaceable>.com, or call the directory
 in which the banners are stored simply <quote>banners</quote>. So the above
 generic patterns are surprisingly effective.
</para>
<para>
 But being very generic, they necessarily also catch URLs that we don't want
 to block. The pattern <literal>.*ads.</literal> e.g. catches 
 <quote>nasty-<emphasis>ads</emphasis>.nasty-corp.com</quote> as intended,
 but also <quote>downlo<emphasis>ads</emphasis>.sourcefroge.net</quote> or
 <quote><emphasis>ads</emphasis>l.some-provider.net.</quote> So here come some
 well-known exceptions to the <literal>+<link linkend="BLOCK">block</link></literal>
 section above.
</para>
<para>
 Note that these are exceptions to exceptions from the default! Consider the URL
 <quote>downloads.sourcefroge.net</quote>: Initially, all actions are deactivated,
 so it wouldn't get blocked. Then comes the defaults section, which matches the
 URL, but just deactivates the <literal><link linkend="BLOCK">block</link></literal>
 action once again. Then it matches <literal>.*ads.</literal>, an exception to the
 general non-blocking policy, and suddenly
 <literal><link linkend="BLOCK">+block</link></literal> applies. And now, it'll match
 <literal>.*loads.</literal>, where <literal><link linkend="BLOCK">-block</link></literal>
 applies, so (unless it matches <emphasis>again</emphasis> further down) it ends up
 with no <literal><link linkend="BLOCK">block</link></literal> action applying.
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
##########################################################################
# Save some innocent victims of the above generic block patterns:
##########################################################################

# By domain:
# 
{ -<link linkend="BLOCK">block</link> }
adv[io]*.  # (for advogato.org and advice.*)
adsl.      # (has nothing to do with ads)
adobe.     # (has nothing to do with ads either)
ad[ud]*.   # (adult.* and add.*)
.edu       # (universities don't host banners (yet!))
.*loads.   # (downloads, uploads etc)

# By path:
#
/.*loads/

# Site-specific:
#
www.globalintersec.com/adv # (adv = advanced)
www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/adv</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Filtering source code can have nasty side effects,
 so make an exception for our friends at sourceforge.net,
 and all paths with <quote>cvs</quote> in them. Note that
 <literal>-<link linkend="FILTER">filter</link></literal>
 disables <emphasis>all</emphasis> filters in one fell swoop!
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
# Don't filter code!
#
{ -<link linkend="FILTER">filter</link> }
/(.*/)?cvs
bugzilla.
developer.
wiki.
.sourceforge.net</screen>
</para>

<para>
 The actual <filename>default.action</filename> is of course much more
 comprehensive, but we hope this example made clear how it works.
</para>

</sect3>

<sect3><title>user.action</title>

<para>
 So far we are painting with a broad brush by setting general policies,
 which would be a reasonable starting point for many people. Now, 
 you might want to be more specific and have customized rules that
 are more suitable to your personal habits and preferences. These would
 be for narrowly defined situations like your ISP or your bank, and should
 be placed in <filename>user.action</filename>, which is parsed after all other 
 actions files and hence has the last word, over-riding any previously
 defined actions. <filename>user.action</filename> is also a 
 <emphasis>safe</emphasis> place for your personal settings, since
 <filename>default.action</filename> is actively maintained by the
 <application>Privoxy</application> developers and you'll probably want
 to install updated versions from time to time.
</para>

<para>
 So let's look at a few examples of things that one might typically do in
 <filename>user.action</filename>: 
</para>


<!-- brief sample user.action here -->

<para>
 <screen>
# My user.action file. &lt;fred@example.com&gt;</screen>
</para>

<para>
 As <link linkend="aliases">aliases</link> are local to the actions
 file that they are defined in, you can't use the ones from
 <filename>default.action</filename>, unless you repeat them here:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
# Aliases are local to the file they are defined in.
# (Re-)define aliases for this file:
#
{{alias}}
# 
# These aliases just save typing later, and the alias names should 
# be self explanatory.
#
+crunch-all-cookies = +crunch-incoming-cookies +crunch-outgoing-cookies
-crunch-all-cookies = -crunch-incoming-cookies -crunch-outgoing-cookies
 allow-all-cookies  = -crunch-all-cookies -session-cookies-only
 allow-popups       = -filter{all-popups} -kill-popups
+block-as-image     = +block +handle-as-image
-block-as-image     = -block

# These aliases define combinations of actions that are useful for
# certain types of sites:
#
fragile     = -block -crunch-all-cookies -filter -fast-redirects -hide-referrer -kill-popups
shop        = -crunch-all-cookies allow-popups

# Allow ads for selected useful free sites:
#
allow-ads   = -block -filter{banners-by-size} -filter{banners-by-link}

# Alias for specific file types that are text, but might have conflicting
# MIME types. We want the browser to force these to be text documents.
handle-as-text = -<link linkend="FILTER">filter</link> +-<link linkend="content-type-overwrite">content-type-overwrite{text/plain}</link> +-<link linkend="FORCE-TEXT-MODE">force-text-mode</link> -<link linkend="HIDE-CONTENT-DISPOSITION">hide-content-disposition</link></screen>

</para>

<para>
 Say you have accounts on some sites that you visit regularly, and
 you don't want to have to log in manually each time. So you'd like
 to allow persistent cookies for these sites. The
 <literal>allow-all-cookies</literal> alias defined above does exactly
 that, i.e. it disables crunching of cookies in any direction, and the 
 processing of cookies to make them only temporary.
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
{ allow-all-cookies }
 sourceforge.net
 .yahoo.com
 .msdn.microsoft.com
 .redhat.com</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Your bank is allergic to some filter, but you don't know which, so you disable them all:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
{ -<link linkend="FILTER">filter</link> }
 .your-home-banking-site.com</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Some file types you may not want to filter for various reasons:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
# Technical documentation is likely to contain strings that might
# erroneously get altered by the JavaScript-oriented filters:
#
.tldp.org
/(.*/)?selfhtml/

# And this stupid host sends streaming video with a wrong MIME type,
# so that Privoxy thinks it is getting HTML and starts filtering:
#
stupid-server.example.com/</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Example of a simple <link linkend="BLOCK">block</link> action. Say you've
 seen an ad on your favourite page on example.com that you want to get rid of.
 You have right-clicked the image, selected <quote>copy image location</quote>
 and pasted the URL below while removing the leading http://, into a 
 <literal>{ +block }</literal> section. Note that <literal>{ +handle-as-image
 }</literal> need not be specified, since all URLs ending in
 <literal>.gif</literal> will be tagged as images by the general rules as set
 in default.action anyway:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
{ +<link linkend="BLOCK">block</link> }
 www.example.com/nasty-ads/sponsor\.gif
 another.example.net/more/junk/here/</screen>
</para>

<para>
 The URLs of dynamically generated banners, especially from large banner
 farms, often don't use the well-known image file name extensions, which
 makes it impossible for <application>Privoxy</application> to guess
 the file type just by looking at the URL. 
 You can use the <literal>+block-as-image</literal> alias defined above for
 these cases.
 Note that objects which match this rule but then turn out NOT to be an
 image are typically rendered as a <quote>broken image</quote> icon by the
 browser. Use cautiously.
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
{ +block-as-image }
 .doubleclick.net
 .fastclick.net
 /Realmedia/ads/
 ar.atwola.com/</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Now you noticed that the default configuration breaks Forbes Magazine,
 but you were too lazy to find out which action is the culprit, and you
 were again too lazy to give <link linkend="contact">feedback</link>, so
 you just used the <literal>fragile</literal> alias on the site, and
 -- <emphasis>whoa!</emphasis> -- it worked. The <literal>fragile</literal>
 aliases disables those actions that are most likely to break a site. Also,
 good for testing purposes to see if it is <application>Privoxy</application>
 that is causing the problem or not. We later find other regular sites 
 that misbehave, and add those to our personalized list of troublemakers:
</para>

<para>
<screen>
{ fragile }
 .forbes.com
 webmail.example.com
 .mybank.com</screen>
</para>

<para>
 You like the <quote>fun</quote> text replacements in <filename>default.filter</filename>,
 but it is disabled in the distributed actions file.
 So you'd like to turn it on in your private,
 update-safe config, once and for all:
</para>

<para>
<screen>
{ +<link linkend="filter-fun">filter{fun}</link> }
 / # For ALL sites!</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Note that the above is not really a good idea: There are exceptions
 to the filters in <filename>default.action</filename> for things that
 really shouldn't be filtered, like code on CVS->Web interfaces. Since
 <filename>user.action</filename> has the last word, these exceptions
 won't be valid for the <quote>fun</quote> filtering specified here.
</para>

<para>
 You might also worry about how your favourite free websites are
 funded, and find that they rely on displaying banner advertisements
 to survive. So you might want to specifically allow banners for those
 sites that you feel provide value to you:
</para>

<para>
<screen>
{ allow-ads }
 .sourceforge.net
 .slashdot.org
 .osdn.net</screen>   
</para>

<para>
 Note that <literal>allow-ads</literal> has been aliased to 
 <literal>-<link linkend="block">block</link></literal>, 
 <literal>-<link linkend="filter-banners-by-size">filter{banners-by-size}</link></literal>, and 
 <literal>-<link linkend="filter-banners-by-link">filter{banners-by-link}</link></literal> above.
</para>

<para>
 Invoke another alias here to force an over-ride of the MIME type <literal>
 application/x-sh</literal> which typically would open a download type 
 dialog. In my case, I want to look at the shell script, and then I can save
 it should I choose to.
</para>

<para>
<screen>
{ handle-as-text }
 /.*\.sh$</screen>   
</para>

<para>
 <filename>user.action</filename> is generally the best place to define
 exceptions and additions to the default policies of
 <filename>default.action</filename>. Some actions are safe to have their
 default policies set here though. So let's set a default policy to have a
 <quote>blank</quote> image as opposed to the checkerboard pattern for
 <emphasis>ALL</emphasis> sites. <quote>/</quote> of course matches all URL
 paths and patterns:
</para>

<para>
<screen>
{ +<link linkend="set-image-blocker">set-image-blocker{blank}</link> }
/ # ALL sites</screen>
</para>

</sect3>
</sect2>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->

</sect1>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->

<!--   ~~~~~~~~       New section Header    ~~~~~~~~~     -->

<sect1 id="filter-file">
<title>Filter Files</title>

<para>
 On-the-fly text substitutions need
 to be defined in a <quote>filter file</quote>. Once defined, they 
 can then be invoked as an <quote>action</quote>.
</para>

<para>
 &my-app; supports three different filter actions:
 <literal><link linkend="filter">filter</link></literal> to
 rewrite the content that is send to the client,
 <literal><link linkend="client-header-filter">client-header-filter</link></literal>
 to rewrite headers that are send by the client, and
 <literal><link linkend="server-header-filter">server-header-filter</link></literal>
 to rewrite headers that are send by the server.
</para>

<para>
 &my-app; also supports two tagger actions:
 <literal><link linkend="client-header-tagger">client-header-tagger</link></literal>
 and
 <literal><link linkend="server-header-tagger">server-header-tagger</link></literal>.
 Taggers and filters use the same syntax in the filter files, the difference
 is that taggers don't modify the text they are filtering, but use a rewritten
 version of the filtered text as tag. The tags can then be used to change the
 applying actions through sections with <link linkend="tag-pattern">tag-patterns</link>.
</para>


<para>
 Multiple filter files can be defined through the <literal> <link
 linkend="filterfile">filterfile</link></literal> config directive. The filters
 as supplied by the developers are located in
 <filename>default.filter</filename>. It is recommended that any locally
 defined or modified filters go in a separately defined file such as
 <filename>user.filter</filename>.
 </para>

<para>
 Common tasks for content filters are to eliminate common annoyances in
 HTML and JavaScript, such as pop-up windows,
 exit consoles, crippled windows without navigation tools, the
 infamous &lt;BLINK&gt; tag etc, to suppress images with certain
 width and height attributes (standard banner sizes or web-bugs),
 or just to have fun.
</para>

<para>
 Enabled content filters are applied to any content whose
 <quote>Content Type</quote> header is recognised as a sign
 of text-based content, with the exception of <literal>text/plain</literal>.
 Use the <link linkend="FORCE-TEXT-MODE">force-text-mode</link> action
 to also filter other content.
</para>

<para>
 Substitutions are made at the source level, so if you want to <quote>roll
 your own</quote> filters, you should first be familiar with HTML syntax, 
 and, of course, regular expressions.
</para>

<para>
 Just like the <link linkend="actions-file">actions files</link>, the
 filter file is organized in sections, which are called <emphasis>filters</emphasis>
 here. Each filter consists of a heading line, that starts with one of the
 <emphasis>keywords</emphasis> <literal>FILTER:</literal>,
 <literal>CLIENT-HEADER-FILTER:</literal> or <literal>SERVER-HEADER-FILTER:</literal>
 followed by the filter's <emphasis>name</emphasis>, and a short (one line) 
 <emphasis>description</emphasis> of what it does. Below that line
 come the <emphasis>jobs</emphasis>, i.e. lines that define the actual
 text substitutions. By convention, the name of a filter
 should describe what the filter <emphasis>eliminates</emphasis>. The
 comment is used in the <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/">web-based
 user interface</ulink>.
</para>

<para>
 Once a filter called <replaceable>name</replaceable> has been defined
 in the filter file, it can be invoked by using an action of the form
 +<literal><link linkend="filter">filter</link>{<replaceable>name</replaceable>}</literal>
 in any <link linkend="actions-file">actions file</link>.
</para>
 
<para>
 Filter definitions start with a header line that contains the filter
 type, the filter name and the filter description.
 A content filter header line for a filter called <quote>foo</quote> could look
 like this:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>FILTER: foo Replace all "foo" with "bar"</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Below that line, and up to the next header line, come the jobs that
 define what text replacements the filter executes. They are specified
 in a syntax that imitates <ulink url="http://www.perl.org/">Perl</ulink>'s
 <literal>s///</literal> operator. If you are familiar with Perl, you
 will find this to be quite intuitive, and may want to look at the
 PCRS documentation for the subtle differences to Perl behaviour. Most
 notably, the non-standard option letter <literal>U</literal> is supported,
 which turns the default to ungreedy matching.
</para>

<para>
 If you are new to 
  <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expressions"><quote>Regular
  Expressions</quote></ulink>, you might want to take a look at
 the <link linkend="regex">Appendix on regular expressions</link>, and
 see the <ulink url="http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html">Perl
 manual</ulink> for
 <ulink url="http://perldoc.perl.org/perlop.html">the 
 <literal>s///</literal> operator's syntax</ulink> and <ulink
 url="http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html">Perl-style regular
 expressions</ulink> in general.
 The below examples might also help to get you started.
</para>


<!--   ~~~~~~~~       New section Header    ~~~~~~~~~     -->

<sect2><title>Filter File Tutorial</title>
<para>
 Now, let's complete our <quote>foo</quote> content filter. We have already defined
 the heading, but the jobs are still missing. Since all it does is to replace
 <quote>foo</quote> with <quote>bar</quote>, there is only one (trivial) job
 needed:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>s/foo/bar/</screen>
</para>

<para>
 But wait! Didn't the comment say that <emphasis>all</emphasis> occurrences
 of <quote>foo</quote> should be replaced? Our current job will only take
 care of the first <quote>foo</quote> on each page. For global substitution,
 we'll need to add the <literal>g</literal> option:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>s/foo/bar/g</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Our complete filter now looks like this:
</para>
<para>
 <screen>FILTER: foo Replace all "foo" with "bar"
s/foo/bar/g</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Let's look at some real filters for more interesting examples. Here you see
 a filter that protects against some common annoyances that arise from JavaScript
 abuse. Let's look at its jobs one after the other:
</para>


<para>
 <screen>
FILTER: js-annoyances Get rid of particularly annoying JavaScript abuse

# Get rid of JavaScript referrer tracking. Test page: http://www.randomoddness.com/untitled.htm
#
s|(&lt;script.*)document\.referrer(.*&lt;/script&gt;)|$1"Not Your Business!"$2|Usg</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Following the header line and a comment, you see the job. Note that it uses
 <literal>|</literal> as the delimiter instead of <literal>/</literal>, because
 the pattern contains a forward slash, which would otherwise have to be escaped
 by a backslash (<literal>\</literal>).
</para>

<para>
 Now, let's examine the pattern: it starts with the text <literal>&lt;script.*</literal>
 enclosed in parentheses. Since the dot matches any character, and <literal>*</literal>
 means: <quote>Match an arbitrary number of the element left of myself</quote>, this
 matches <quote>&lt;script</quote>, followed by <emphasis>any</emphasis> text, i.e.
 it matches the whole page, from the start of the first &lt;script&gt; tag.
</para>

<para>
 That's more than we want, but the pattern continues: <literal>document\.referrer</literal>
 matches only the exact string <quote>document.referrer</quote>. The dot needed to
 be <emphasis>escaped</emphasis>, i.e. preceded by a backslash, to take away its
 special meaning as a joker, and make it just a regular dot. So far, the meaning is:
 Match from the start of the first &lt;script&gt; tag in a the page, up to, and including,
 the text <quote>document.referrer</quote>, if <emphasis>both</emphasis> are present
 in the page (and appear in that order).
</para>

<para>
 But there's still more pattern to go. The next element, again enclosed in parentheses,
 is <literal>.*&lt;/script&gt;</literal>. You already know what <literal>.*</literal>
 means, so the whole pattern translates to: Match from the start of the first  &lt;script&gt;
 tag in a page to the end of the last &lt;script&gt; tag, provided that the text
 <quote>document.referrer</quote> appears somewhere in between.
</para>

<para>
 This is still not the whole story, since we have ignored the options and the parentheses:
 The portions of the page matched by sub-patterns that are enclosed in parentheses, will be
 remembered and be available through the variables <literal>$1, $2, ...</literal> in
 the substitute. The <literal>U</literal> option switches to ungreedy matching, which means
 that the first <literal>.*</literal> in the pattern will only <quote>eat up</quote> all
 text in between <quote>&lt;script</quote> and the <emphasis>first</emphasis> occurrence
 of <quote>document.referrer</quote>, and that the second <literal>.*</literal> will
 only span the text up to the <emphasis>first</emphasis> <quote>&lt;/script&gt;</quote>
 tag. Furthermore, the <literal>s</literal> option says that the match may span
 multiple lines in the page, and the <literal>g</literal> option again means that the
 substitution is global.
</para>

<para>
 So, to summarize, the pattern means: Match all scripts that contain the text
 <quote>document.referrer</quote>. Remember the parts of the script from
 (and including) the start tag up to (and excluding) the string
 <quote>document.referrer</quote> as <literal>$1</literal>, and the part following
 that string, up to and including the closing tag, as <literal>$2</literal>.
</para>

<para>
 Now the pattern is deciphered, but wasn't this about substituting things? So
 lets look at the substitute: <literal>$1"Not Your Business!"$2</literal> is
 easy to read: The text remembered as <literal>$1</literal>, followed by 
 <literal>"Not Your Business!"</literal> (<emphasis>including</emphasis>
 the quotation marks!), followed by the text remembered as <literal>$2</literal>.
 This produces an exact copy of the original string, with the middle part
 (the <quote>document.referrer</quote>) replaced by <literal>"Not Your
 Business!"</literal>.
</para>

<para>
 The whole job now reads: Replace <quote>document.referrer</quote> by
 <literal>"Not Your Business!"</literal> wherever it appears inside a
 &lt;script&gt tag. Note that this job won't break JavaScript syntax,
 since both the original and the replacement are syntactically valid
 string objects. The script just won't have access to the referrer
 information anymore.
</para>

<para>
 We'll show you two other jobs from the JavaScript taming department, but
 this time only point out the constructs of special interest:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
# The status bar is for displaying link targets, not pointless blahblah
#
s/window\.status\s*=\s*(['"]).*?\1/dUmMy=1/ig</screen>
</para>

<para>
 <literal>\s</literal> stands for whitespace characters (space, tab, newline,
 carriage return, form feed), so that <literal>\s*</literal> means: <quote>zero
 or more whitespace</quote>. The <literal>?</literal> in <literal>.*?</literal>
 makes this matching of arbitrary text ungreedy. (Note that the <literal>U</literal>
 option is not set). The <literal>['"]</literal> construct means: <quote>a single
 <emphasis>or</emphasis> a double quote</quote>. Finally, <literal>\1</literal> is
 a back-reference to the first parenthesis just like <literal>$1</literal> above,
 with the difference that in the <emphasis>pattern</emphasis>, a backslash indicates
 a back-reference, whereas in the <emphasis>substitute</emphasis>, it's the dollar.
</para>

<para>
 So what does this job do? It replaces assignments of single- or double-quoted
 strings to the <quote>window.status</quote> object with a dummy assignment
 (using a variable name that is hopefully odd enough not to conflict with
 real variables in scripts). Thus, it catches many cases where e.g. pointless
 descriptions are displayed in the status bar instead of the link target when
 you move your mouse over links.
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
# Kill OnUnload popups. Yummy. Test: http://www.zdnet.com/zdsubs/yahoo/tree/yfs.html
#
s/(&lt;body [^&gt;]*)onunload(.*&gt;)/$1never$2/iU</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Including the
 <ulink url="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Events-20001113/events.html#Events-eventgroupings-htmlevents">OnUnload
 event binding</ulink> in the HTML DOM was a <emphasis>CRIME</emphasis>.
 When I close a browser window, I want it to close and die. Basta.
 This job replaces the <quote>onunload</quote> attribute in
 <quote>&lt;body&gt</quote> tags with the dummy word <literal>never</literal>.
 Note that the <literal>i</literal> option makes the pattern matching
 case-insensitive. Also note that ungreedy matching alone doesn't always guarantee
 a minimal match: In the first parenthesis, we had to use <literal>[^&gt;]*</literal>
 instead of <literal>.*</literal> to prevent the match from exceeding the 
 &lt;body&gt tag if it doesn't contain <quote>OnUnload</quote>, but the page's
 content does.
</para>

<para>
 The last example is from the fun department:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
FILTER: fun Fun text replacements

# Spice the daily news:
#
s/microsoft(?!\.com)/MicroSuck/ig</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Note the <literal>(?!\.com)</literal> part (a so-called negative lookahead)
 in the job's pattern, which means: Don't match, if the string 
 <quote>.com</quote> appears directly following <quote>microsoft</quote>
 in the page. This prevents links to microsoft.com from being trashed, while
 still replacing the word everywhere else.
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
# Buzzword Bingo (example for extended regex syntax)
#
s* industry[ -]leading \
|  cutting[ -]edge \
|  customer[ -]focused \
|  market[ -]driven \
|  award[ -]winning # Comments are OK, too! \
|  high[ -]performance \
|  solutions[ -]based \
|  unmatched \
|  unparalleled \
|  unrivalled \
*&lt;font color="red"&gt;&lt;b&gt;BINGO!&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt; \
*igx</screen>
</para>

<para>
 The <literal>x</literal> option in this job turns on extended syntax, and allows for
 e.g. the liberal use of (non-interpreted!) whitespace for nicer formatting. 
</para>

<para>
 You get the idea?
</para>
</sect2>

<!--   ~~~~~~~~       New section Header    ~~~~~~~~~     -->

<sect2 id="predefined-filters"><title>The Pre-defined Filters</title>

<!-- 

 Note each filter is also listed in the +filter action section above. Please
 keep these listings in sync.
 
-->

<para>
The distribution <filename>default.filter</filename> file contains a selection of
pre-defined filters for your convenience:
</para>

<variablelist>
 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>js-annoyances</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    The purpose of this filter is to get rid of particularly annoying JavaScript abuse.
    To that end, it
   <itemizedlist>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      replaces JavaScript references to the browser's referrer information
      with the string "Not Your Business!". This compliments the <literal><link
      linkend="hide-referrer">hide-referrer</link></literal> action on the content level.
     </para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      removes the bindings to the DOM's
      <ulink url="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Events-20001113/events.html#Events-eventgroupings-htmlevents">unload
      event</ulink> which we feel has no right to exist and is responsible for most <quote>exit consoles</quote>, i.e.
      nasty windows that pop up when you close another one.
     </para>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <para>
      removes code that causes new windows to be opened with undesired properties, such as being
      full-screen, non-resizeable, without location, status or menu bar etc.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </itemizedlist>
   </para>
   <para>
    Use with caution. This is an aggressive filter, and can break sites that 
    rely heavily on JavaScript.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>js-events</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This is a very radical measure. It removes virtually all JavaScript event bindings, which
    means that scripts can not react to user actions such as mouse movements or clicks, window
    resizing etc, anymore. Use with caution!
   </para>
   <para>
    We <emphasis>strongly discourage</emphasis> using this filter as a default since it breaks
    many legitimate scripts. It is meant for use only on extra-nasty sites (should you really
    need to go there).
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

<varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>html-annoyances</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This filter will undo many common instances of HTML based abuse.
   </para>
   <para>
    The <literal>BLINK</literal> and <literal>MARQUEE</literal> tags 
    are neutralized (yeah baby!), and browser windows will be created as
    resizeable (as of course they should be!), and will have location,
    scroll and menu bars -- even if specified otherwise.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>content-cookies</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Most cookies are set in the HTTP dialog, where they can be intercepted
    by the
    <literal><link linkend="crunch-incoming-cookies">crunch-incoming-cookies</link></literal>
    and <literal><link linkend="crunch-outgoing-cookies">crunch-outgoing-cookies</link></literal>
    actions. But web sites increasingly make use of HTML meta tags and JavaScript
    to sneak cookies to the browser on the content level.
   </para>
   <para>
    This filter disables most HTML and JavaScript code that reads or sets
    cookies. It cannot detect all clever uses of these types of code, so it 
    should not be relied on as an absolute fix. Use it wherever you would also
    use the cookie crunch actions. 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>refresh tags</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Disable any refresh tags if the interval is greater than nine seconds (so 
    that redirections done via refresh tags are not destroyed). This is useful 
    for dial-on-demand setups, or for those who find this HTML feature
    annoying.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>unsolicited-popups</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This filter attempts to prevent only <quote>unsolicited</quote> pop-up 
    windows from opening, yet still allow pop-up windows that the user 
    has explicitly chosen to open. It was added in version 3.0.1, 
    as an improvement over earlier such filters.
   </para>
   <para>
    Technical note: The filter works by redefining the window.open JavaScript
    function to a dummy function, <literal>PrivoxyWindowOpen()</literal>,
    during the loading and rendering phase of each HTML page access, and
    restoring the function afterward.
   </para>
   <para>
    This is recommended only for browsers that cannot perform this function
    reliably themselves. And be aware that some sites require such windows 
    in order to function normally. Use with caution.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>all-popups</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Attempt to prevent <emphasis>all</emphasis> pop-up windows from opening.
    Note this should be used with even more discretion than the above, since
    it is more likely to break some sites that require pop-ups for normal
    usage. Use with caution.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>img-reorder</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This is a helper filter that has no value if used alone. It makes the
    <literal>banners-by-size</literal> and <literal>banners-by-link</literal>
    (see below) filters more effective and should be enabled together with them.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>banners-by-size</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This filter removes image tags purely based on what size they are. Fortunately 
    for us, many ads and banner images tend to conform to certain standardized
    sizes, which makes this filter quite effective for ad stripping purposes.
   </para>
   <para>
    Occasionally this filter will cause false positives on images that are not ads,
    but just happen to be of one of the standard banner sizes.
   </para>
   <para>
    Recommended only for those who require extreme ad blocking. The default 
    block rules should catch 95+% of all ads <emphasis>without</emphasis> this filter enabled.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>banners-by-link</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    This is an experimental filter that attempts to kill any banners if 
    their URLs seem to point to known or suspected click trackers. It is currently
    not of much value and is not recommended for use by default.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>webbugs</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Webbugs are small, invisible images (technically 1X1 GIF images), that 
    are used to track users across websites, and collect information on them.
    As an HTML page is loaded by the browser, an embedded image tag causes the
    browser to contact a third-party site, disclosing the tracking information
    through the requested URL and/or cookies for that third-party domain, without
    the user ever becoming aware of the interaction with the third-party site.
    HTML-ized spam also uses a similar technique to verify email addresses.
   </para>
   <para>
    This filter removes the HTML code that loads such <quote>webbugs</quote>.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>tiny-textforms</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    A rather special-purpose filter that can be used to enlarge textareas (those
    multi-line text boxes in web forms) and turn off hard word wrap in them. 
    It was written for the sourceforge.net tracker system where such boxes are
    a nuisance, but it can be handy on other sites, too.
   </para>
   <para>
    It is not recommended to use this filter as a default.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>jumping-windows</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Many consider windows that move, or resize themselves to be abusive. This filter
    neutralizes the related JavaScript code. Note that some sites might not display
    or behave as intended when using this filter. Use with caution.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>frameset-borders</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Some web designers seem to assume that everyone in the world will view their
    web sites using the same browser brand and version, screen resolution etc,
    because only that assumption could explain why they'd use static frame sizes,
    yet prevent their frames from being resized by the user, should they be too
    small to show their whole content.
   </para>
   <para>
    This filter removes the related HTML code. It should only be applied to sites
    which need it.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>demoronizer</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Many Microsoft products that generate HTML use non-standard extensions (read:
    violations) of the ISO 8859-1 aka Latin-1 character set. This can cause those
    HTML documents to display with errors on standard-compliant platforms. 
   </para>
   <para>
    This filter translates the MS-only characters into Latin-1 equivalents. 
    It is not necessary when using MS products, and will cause corruption of  
    all documents that use 8-bit character sets other than Latin-1. It's mostly
    worthwhile for Europeans on non-MS platforms, if weird garbage characters
    sometimes appear on some pages, or user agents that don't correct for this on 
    the fly.
<!--
    My version of Mozilla (ancient) shows litte square boxes for quote
    characters, and apostrophes on moronized pages. So many pages have this, I
    can read them fine now. HB 08/27/06
--> 
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>shockwave-flash</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    A filter for shockwave haters. As the name suggests, this filter strips code
    out of web pages that is used to embed shockwave flash objects. 
   </para>
   <para>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>quicktime-kioskmode</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Change HTML code that embeds Quicktime objects so that kioskmode, which
    prevents saving, is disabled.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>fun</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Text replacements for subversive browsing fun. Make fun of your favorite
    Monopolist or play buzzword bingo.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>crude-parental</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    A demonstration-only filter that shows how <application>Privoxy</application>
    can be used to delete web content on a keyword basis.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>ie-exploits</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    An experimental collection of text replacements to disable malicious HTML and JavaScript
    code that exploits known security holes in Internet Explorer.
   </para>
   <para>
    Presently, it only protects against Nimda and a cross-site scripting bug, and
    would need active maintenance to provide more substantial protection.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>site-specifics</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Some web sites have very specific problems, the cure for which doesn't apply
    anywhere else, or could even cause damage on other sites.
   </para>
   <para>
    This is a collection of such site-specific cures which should only be applied
    to the sites they were intended for, which is what the supplied
    <filename>default.action</filename> file does. Users shouldn't need to change
    anything regarding this filter.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>google</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    A CSS based block for Google text ads. Also removes a width limitation
    and the toolbar advertisement.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
  <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>yahoo</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Another CSS based block, this time for Yahoo text ads. And removes 
    a width limitation as well.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>msn</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Another CSS based block, this time for MSN text ads. And removes 
    tracking URLs, as well as a width limitation.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>blogspot</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Cleans up some Blogspot blogs. Read the fine print before using this one!
   </para>
   <para>
    This filter also intentionally removes some navigation stuff and sets the
    page width to 100%. As a result, some rounded <quote>corners</quote> would
    appear to early or not at all and as fixing this would require a browser
    that understands background-size (CSS3), they are removed instead.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>xml-to-html</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Server-header filter to change the Content-Type from xml to html.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
 
  <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>html-to-xml</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Server-header filter to change the Content-Type from html to xml.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>no-ping</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Removes the non-standard <literal>ping</literal> attribute from
    anchor and area HTML tags.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

  <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis>hide-tor-exit-notation</emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
    Client-header filter to remove the <command>Tor</command> exit node notation
    found in Host and Referer headers.
   </para>
   <para>
    If &my-app; and <command>Tor</command> are chained and &my-app;
    is configured to use socks4a, one can use <quote>http://www.example.org.foobar.exit/</quote>
    to access the host <quote>www.example.org</quote> through the
    <command>Tor</command> exit node <quote>foobar</quote>.
   </para>
   <para>
    As the HTTP client isn't aware of this notation, it treats the
    whole string <quote>www.example.org.foobar.exit</quote> as host and uses it
    for the <quote>Host</quote> and <quote>Referer</quote> headers. From the
    server's point of view the resulting headers are invalid and can cause problems.
   </para>
   <para>
    An invalid <quote>Referer</quote> header can trigger <quote>hot-linking</quote>
    protections, an invalid <quote>Host</quote> header will make it impossible for
    the server to find the right vhost (several domains hosted on the same IP address).
   </para>
   <para>
    This client-header filter removes the <quote>foo.exit</quote> part in those headers
    to prevent the mentioned problems. Note that it only modifies
    the HTTP headers, it doesn't make it impossible for the server
    to detect your <command>Tor</command> exit node based on the IP address
    the request is coming from.
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>

<!--
 <varlistentry>
  <term><emphasis> </emphasis></term>
  <listitem>
   <para>
   </para>
   <para>
   </para>
  </listitem>
 </varlistentry>
-->
</variablelist>

</sect2>
</sect1>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->



<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->

<sect1 id="templates">
<title>Privoxy's Template Files</title>
<para>
 All <application>Privoxy</application> built-in pages, i.e. error pages such as the 
 <ulink url="http://show-the-404-error.page"><quote>404 - No Such Domain</quote>
 error page</ulink>, the <ulink
 url="http://ads.bannerserver.example.com/nasty-ads/sponsor.html"><quote>BLOCKED</quote>
 page</ulink>
 and all pages of its <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/">web-based
 user interface</ulink>, are generated from <emphasis>templates</emphasis>. 
 (<application>Privoxy</application> must be running for the above links to work as
 intended.)
</para>

<para>
 These templates are stored in a subdirectory of the <link linkend="confdir">configuration
 directory</link> called <filename>templates</filename>. On Unixish platforms,
 this is typically
 <ulink url="file:///etc/privoxy/templates/"><filename>/etc/privoxy/templates/</filename></ulink>.
</para>

<para>
 The templates are basically normal HTML files, but with place-holders (called symbols
 or exports), which <application>Privoxy</application> fills at run time. It
 is possible to edit the templates with a normal text editor, should you want
 to customize them. (<emphasis>Not recommended for the casual
 user</emphasis>). Should you create your own custom templates, you should use 
 the <filename>config</filename> setting <link linkend="templdir">templdir</link>
 to specify an alternate location, so your templates do not get overwritten
 during upgrades. 
 </para>
 <para>
 Note that just like in configuration files, lines starting
 with <literal>#</literal> are ignored when the templates are filled in.
</para>

<para>
 The place-holders are of the form <literal>@name@</literal>, and you will
 find a list of available symbols, which vary from template to template,
 in the comments at the start of each file. Note that these comments are not
 always accurate, and that it's probably best to look at the existing HTML
 code to find out which symbols are supported and what they are filled in with.
</para>

<para>
 A special application of this substitution mechanism is to make whole
 blocks of HTML code disappear when a specific symbol is set. We use this
 for many purposes, one of them being to include the beta warning in all
 our user interface (CGI) pages when <application>Privoxy</application>
 is in an alpha or beta development stage:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
&lt;!-- @if-unstable-start --&gt;

  ... beta warning HTML code goes here ...

&lt;!-- if-unstable-end@ --&gt;</screen>
</para>

<para>
 If the "unstable" symbol is set, everything in between and including
 <literal>@if-unstable-start</literal> and <literal>if-unstable-end@</literal>
 will disappear, leaving nothing but an empty comment:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>&lt;!--  --&gt;</screen>
</para>

<para>
 There's also an if-then-else construct and an <literal>#include</literal>
 mechanism, but you'll sure find out if you are inclined to edit the
 templates ;-)
</para>

<para>
 All templates refer to a style located at
 <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/send-stylesheet"><literal>http://config.privoxy.org/send-stylesheet</literal></ulink>.
 This is, of course, locally served by <application>Privoxy</application>
 and the source for it can be found and edited in the
 <filename>cgi-style.css</filename> template.
</para>

</sect1>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->



<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->

<sect1 id="contact"><title>Contacting the Developers, Bug Reporting and Feature
Requests</title>

<!-- Include contacting.sgml boilerplate: -->
 &contacting;
<!-- end boilerplate -->

</sect1>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect1 id="copyright"><title>Privoxy Copyright, License and History</title>

<!-- Include copyright.sgml: -->
 &copyright;
<!-- end copyright -->

<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2><title>License</title>
<!-- Include copyright.sgml: -->
 &license;
<!-- end copyright -->
</sect2>
<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->

<sect2 id="history"><title>History</title>
<!-- Include history.sgml: -->
 &history;
<!-- end history -->
</sect2>

<sect2 id="authors"><title>Authors</title>
<!-- Include p-authors.sgml: -->
 &p-authors;
<!-- end authors -->
</sect2>

</sect1>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect1 id="seealso"><title>See Also</title>
<!-- Include seealso.sgml: -->
 &seealso;
<!-- end seealso -->
</sect1>



<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect1 id="appendix"><title>Appendix</title>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2 id="regex">
<title>Regular Expressions</title>
<para>
 <application>Privoxy</application> uses Perl-style <quote>regular
 expressions</quote> in its <link linkend="actions-file">actions
 files</link> and <link linkend="filter-file">filter file</link>,
 through the <ulink url="http://www.pcre.org/">PCRE</ulink> and
<!-- 
 dead 08/27/06
 <ulink url="http://www.oesterhelt.org/pcrs/">PCRS</ulink> libraries.
-->
 <application>PCRS</application> libraries.
</para>

<para>
 If you are reading this, you probably don't understand what <quote>regular
 expressions</quote> are, or what they can do. So this will be a very brief
 introduction only. A full explanation would require a <ulink
 url="http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/regex/">book</ulink> ;-)
</para>

<para>
 Regular expressions provide a language to describe patterns that can be
 run against strings of characters (letter, numbers, etc), to see if they
 match the string or not. The  patterns are themselves (sometimes complex)
 strings of literal characters, combined with  wild-cards, and other special
 characters, called meta-characters. The <quote>meta-characters</quote> have
 special meanings and are used to build complex patterns to be matched against.
 Perl Compatible Regular Expressions are an especially convenient
 <quote>dialect</quote> of the regular expression language.
</para>

<para>
 To make a simple analogy, we do something similar when we use wild-card
 characters when listing files with the <command>dir</command> command in DOS. 
 <literal>*.*</literal> matches all filenames. The <quote>special</quote>
 character here is the asterisk which matches any and all characters. We can be
 more specific and use <literal>?</literal> to match just individual
 characters. So <quote>dir file?.text</quote> would match
 <quote>file1.txt</quote>, <quote>file2.txt</quote>, etc. We are pattern
 matching, using a similar technique to <quote>regular expressions</quote>!
</para>

<para>
 Regular expressions do essentially the same thing, but are much, much more
 powerful. There are many more <quote>special characters</quote> and ways of 
 building complex patterns however. Let's look at a few of the common ones,
 and then some examples:
</para>

<para><simplelist>
 <member>
  <emphasis>.</emphasis> - Matches any single character, e.g. <quote>a</quote>,
  <quote>A</quote>, <quote>4</quote>, <quote>:</quote>, or <quote>@</quote>.
 </member>
</simplelist></para>

<para><simplelist>
 <member>
  <emphasis>?</emphasis> - The preceding character or expression is matched ZERO or ONE
  times. Either/or.
 </member>
</simplelist></para>

<para><simplelist>
 <member>
  <emphasis>+</emphasis> - The preceding character or expression is matched ONE or MORE
  times.
 </member>
</simplelist></para>

<para><simplelist>
 <member>
  <emphasis>*</emphasis> - The preceding character or expression is matched ZERO or MORE
  times.
 </member>
</simplelist></para>

<para><simplelist>
 <member>
  <emphasis>\</emphasis> - The <quote>escape</quote> character denotes that
  the following character should be taken literally. This is used where one of the 
  special characters (e.g. <quote>.</quote>) needs to be taken literally and
  not as a special meta-character. Example: <quote>example\.com</quote>, makes 
  sure the period is recognized only as a period (and not expanded to its 
  meta-character meaning of any single character).
 </member>
</simplelist></para>

<para><simplelist>
 <member>
  <emphasis>[ ]</emphasis> - Characters enclosed in brackets will be matched if
  any of the enclosed characters are encountered. For instance, <quote>[0-9]</quote>
  matches any numeric digit (zero through nine). As an example, we can combine 
  this with <quote>+</quote> to match any digit one of more times: <quote>[0-9]+</quote>.
 </member>
</simplelist></para>

<para><simplelist>
 <member>
  <emphasis>( )</emphasis> - parentheses are used to group a sub-expression,
  or multiple sub-expressions.
 </member>
</simplelist></para>

<para><simplelist>
 <member>
  <emphasis>|</emphasis> - The <quote>bar</quote> character works like an
  <quote>or</quote> conditional statement. A match is successful if the
  sub-expression on either side of <quote>|</quote> matches. As an example:
  <quote>/(this|that) example/</quote> uses grouping and the bar character 
  and would match either <quote>this example</quote> or <quote>that
  example</quote>, and nothing else.
 </member>
</simplelist></para>

<para>
 These are just some of the ones you are likely to use when matching URLs with 
 <application>Privoxy</application>, and is a long way from a definitive
 list. This is enough to get us started with a few simple examples which may
 be more illuminating:
</para>

<para>
 <emphasis><literal>/.*/banners/.*</literal></emphasis> - A  simple example
 that uses the common combination of <quote>.</quote> and <quote>*</quote> to 
 denote any character, zero or more times. In other words, any string at all.
 So we start with a literal forward slash, then our regular expression pattern 
 (<quote>.*</quote>) another literal forward slash, the string
 <quote>banners</quote>, another forward slash, and lastly another
 <quote>.*</quote>. We are building 
 a directory path here. This will match any file with the path that has a
 directory named <quote>banners</quote> in it. The <quote>.*</quote> matches
 any characters, and this could conceivably be more forward slashes, so it
 might expand into a much longer looking path. For example, this could match:
 <quote>/eye/hate/spammers/banners/annoy_me_please.gif</quote>, or just
 <quote>/banners/annoying.html</quote>, or almost an infinite number of other
 possible combinations, just so it has <quote>banners</quote> in the path
 somewhere.
</para>

<para>
 And now something a little more complex:
</para>

<para>
 <emphasis><literal>/.*/adv((er)?ts?|ertis(ing|ements?))?/</literal></emphasis> - 
 We have several literal forward slashes again (<quote>/</quote>), so we are
 building another expression that is a file path statement. We have another 
 <quote>.*</quote>, so we are matching against any conceivable sub-path, just so
 it matches our expression. The only true literal that <emphasis>must
 match</emphasis> our pattern is <application>adv</application>, together with
 the forward slashes. What comes after the <quote>adv</quote> string is the
 interesting part. 
</para>

<para>
 Remember the <quote>?</quote> means the preceding expression (either a
 literal character or anything grouped with <quote>(...)</quote> in this case)
 can exist or not, since this means either zero or one match. So
 <quote>((er)?ts?|ertis(ing|ements?))</quote> is optional, as are the
 individual sub-expressions: <quote>(er)</quote>,
 <quote>(ing|ements?)</quote>, and the <quote>s</quote>. The <quote>|</quote>
 means <quote>or</quote>. We have two of those. For instance, 
 <quote>(ing|ements?)</quote>, can expand to match either <quote>ing</quote> 
 <emphasis>OR</emphasis> <quote>ements?</quote>. What is being done here, is an
 attempt at matching as many variations of <quote>advertisement</quote>, and 
 similar, as possible. So this would expand to match just <quote>adv</quote>,
 or <quote>advert</quote>, or <quote>adverts</quote>, or
 <quote>advertising</quote>, or <quote>advertisement</quote>, or
 <quote>advertisements</quote>. You get the idea. But it would not match 
 <quote>advertizements</quote> (with a <quote>z</quote>). We could fix that by
 changing our regular expression to: 
 <quote>/.*/adv((er)?ts?|erti(s|z)(ing|ements?))?/</quote>, which would then match
 either spelling.
</para>

<para>
 <emphasis><literal>/.*/advert[0-9]+\.(gif|jpe?g)</literal></emphasis> - Again 
 another path statement with forward slashes. Anything in the square brackets 
 <quote>[ ]</quote> can be matched. This is using <quote>0-9</quote> as a
 shorthand expression to mean any digit one through nine. It is the same as
 saying <quote>0123456789</quote>. So any digit matches. The <quote>+</quote>
 means one or more of the preceding expression must be included. The preceding 
 expression here is what is in the square brackets -- in this case, any digit 
 one through nine. Then, at the end, we have a grouping: <quote>(gif|jpe?g)</quote>. 
 This includes a <quote>|</quote>, so this needs to match the expression on
 either side of that bar character also. A simple <quote>gif</quote> on one side, and the other
 side will in turn match either <quote>jpeg</quote> or <quote>jpg</quote>,
 since the <quote>?</quote> means the letter <quote>e</quote> is optional and
 can be matched once or not at all. So we are building an expression here to
 match image GIF or JPEG type image file. It must include the literal
 string <quote>advert</quote>, then one or more digits, and a <quote>.</quote>
 (which is now a literal, and not a special character, since it is escaped
 with <quote>\</quote>), and lastly either <quote>gif</quote>, or
 <quote>jpeg</quote>, or <quote>jpg</quote>. Some possible matches would
 include: <quote>//advert1.jpg</quote>,
 <quote>/nasty/ads/advert1234.gif</quote>,
 <quote>/banners/from/hell/advert99.jpg</quote>. It would not match
 <quote>advert1.gif</quote> (no leading slash), or
 <quote>/adverts232.jpg</quote> (the expression does not include an
 <quote>s</quote>), or <quote>/advert1.jsp</quote> (<quote>jsp</quote> is not
 in the expression anywhere).
</para>

<para>
 We are barely scratching the surface of regular expressions here so that you
 can understand the default <application>Privoxy</application>
 configuration files, and maybe use this knowledge to customize your own
 installation. There is much, much more that can be done with regular
 expressions. Now that you know enough to get started, you can learn more on
 your own :/
</para>

<para>
 More reading on Perl Compatible Regular expressions: 
 <ulink url="http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html">http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html</ulink>
</para>

<para>
 For information on regular expression based substitutions and their applications
 in filters, please see the <link linkend="filter-file">filter file tutorial</link>
 in this manual.
</para>
</sect2>

<!--  ~  End section  ~  -->


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2>
<title>Privoxy's Internal Pages</title>

<para>
 Since <application>Privoxy</application> proxies each requested 
 web page, it is easy for <application>Privoxy</application> to 
 trap certain special URLs. In this way, we can talk directly to
 <application>Privoxy</application>, and see how it is 
 configured, see how our rules are being applied, change these 
 rules and other configuration options, and even turn
 <application>Privoxy's</application> filtering off, all with 
 a web browser.

</para>

<para>
 The URLs listed below are the special ones that allow direct access 
 to <application>Privoxy</application>. Of course,
 <application>Privoxy</application> must be running to access these. If 
 not, you will get a friendly error message. Internet access is not 
 necessary either.
</para>

<para>
 <itemizedlist>

 <listitem>
  <para>  
   Privoxy main page: 
  </para>
  <blockquote>
   <para> 
     <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/">http://config.privoxy.org/</ulink>
   </para>
  </blockquote>
  <para>
   There is a shortcut: <ulink url="http://p.p/">http://p.p/</ulink> (But it
   doesn't provide a fall-back to a real page, in case the request is not
   sent through <application>Privoxy</application>)
  </para>
 </listitem>

 <listitem>
  <para>  
    Show information about the current configuration, including viewing and 
    editing of actions files:
  </para>
   <blockquote>
   <para> 
    <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status">http://config.privoxy.org/show-status</ulink>
   </para>
  </blockquote>
 </listitem>
 
 <listitem>
  <para>  
    Show the source code version numbers:
  </para>
  <blockquote>
   <para> 
    <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-version">http://config.privoxy.org/show-version</ulink>
   </para>
  </blockquote>
 </listitem>
 
 <listitem>
  <para>  
   Show the browser's request headers:
  </para>
  <blockquote>
   <para> 
    <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-request">http://config.privoxy.org/show-request</ulink>
   </para>
  </blockquote>
 </listitem>
 
 <listitem>
  <para>  
   Show which actions apply to a URL and why:
  </para>
   <blockquote>
   <para> 
    <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info">http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info</ulink>
   </para>
  </blockquote>
 </listitem>
 
 <listitem>
  <para>  
   Toggle Privoxy on or off. This feature can be turned off/on in the main 
   <filename>config</filename> file. When toggled <quote>off</quote>, <quote>Privoxy</quote>
   continues to run, but only as a pass-through proxy, with no actions taking
   place:
  </para>
   <blockquote>
   <para> 
    <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/toggle">http://config.privoxy.org/toggle</ulink>
   </para>
  </blockquote>
  <para>
   Short cuts. Turn off, then on: 
  </para>
   <blockquote>
   <para> 
     <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?set=disable">http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?set=disable</ulink>
   </para>
  </blockquote>
   <blockquote>
   <para> 
     <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?set=enable">http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?set=enable</ulink>
   </para>
  </blockquote>
 </listitem>
 
 </itemizedlist>
</para>

<para>
 These may be bookmarked for quick reference. See next.

</para>

<sect3 id="bookmarklets">
<title>Bookmarklets</title>
<para>
 Below are some <quote>bookmarklets</quote> to allow you to easily access a
 <quote>mini</quote> version of some of <application>Privoxy's</application>
 special pages. They are designed for MS Internet Explorer, but should work
 equally well in Netscape, Mozilla, and other browsers which support
 JavaScript. They are designed to run directly from your bookmarks - not by
 clicking the links below (although that should work for testing).
</para>
<para>
 To save them, right-click the link and choose <quote>Add to Favorites</quote>
 (IE) or <quote>Add Bookmark</quote> (Netscape). You will get a warning that
 the bookmark <quote>may not be safe</quote> - just click OK. Then you can run the
 Bookmarklet directly from your favorites/bookmarks. For even faster access,
 you can put them on the <quote>Links</quote> bar (IE) or the <quote>Personal
 Toolbar</quote> (Netscape), and run them with a single click. 
</para>

<para>
 <itemizedlist>

  <listitem>
   <para>
    <ulink
    url="javascript:void(window.open('http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?mini=y&#38;set=enabled','ijbstatus','width=250,height=100,resizable=yes,scrollbars=no,toolbar=no,location=no,directories=no,status=no,menubar=no,copyhistory=no').focus());">Privoxy - Enable</ulink>
   </para>
  </listitem> 

  <listitem>
   <para>
    <ulink
    url="javascript:void(window.open('http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?mini=y&#38;set=disabled','ijbstatus','width=250,height=100,resizable=yes,scrollbars=no,toolbar=no,location=no,directories=no,status=no,menubar=no,copyhistory=no').focus());">Privoxy - Disable</ulink>
   </para>
  </listitem> 

  <listitem>
   <para>
    <ulink
    url="javascript:void(window.open('http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?mini=y&#38;set=toggle','ijbstatus','width=250,height=100,resizable=yes,scrollbars=no,toolbar=no,location=no,directories=no,status=no,menubar=no,copyhistory=no').focus());">Privoxy - Toggle Privoxy</ulink> (Toggles between enabled and disabled)
   </para>
  </listitem> 

  <listitem>
   <para>
    <ulink
    url="javascript:void(window.open('http://config.privoxy.org/toggle?mini=y','ijbstatus','width=250,height=2,resizable=yes,scrollbars=no,toolbar=no,location=no,directories=no,status=no,menubar=no,copyhistory=no').focus());">Privoxy- View Status</ulink>
   </para>
  </listitem> 
<!--
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <ulink url="javascript:w=Math.floor(screen.width/2);h=Math.floor(screen.height*0.9);void(window.open('http://www.privoxy.org/actions/index.php?url='+escape(location.href),'Feedback','screenx='+w+',width='+w+',height='+h+',scrollbars=yes,toolbar=no,location=no,directories=no,status=no,menubar=no,copyhistory=no').focus());">Privoxy - Submit Actions File Feedback</ulink>
   </para>
  </listitem> 
 --> 
  <listitem>
   <para>
    <ulink url="javascript:void(window.open('http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info?url='+escape(location.href),'Why').focus());">Privoxy - Why?</ulink>
   </para>
  </listitem> 
 </itemizedlist>
</para>

<para>
 Credit: The site which gave us the general idea for these bookmarklets is
 <ulink url="http://www.bookmarklets.com/">www.bookmarklets.com</ulink>. They
 have more information about bookmarklets. 
</para>


</sect3>

</sect2>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2 id="chain">
<title>Chain of Events</title>
<para>
 Let's take a quick look at how some of <application>Privoxy's</application> 
 core features are triggered, and the ensuing sequence of events when a web
 page is requested by your browser:
</para>

<para>
 <itemizedlist>
 <listitem>
  <para>
   First, your web browser requests a web page. The browser knows to send 
   the request to <application>Privoxy</application>, which will in turn, 
   relay the request to the remote web server after passing the following 
   tests: 
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   <application>Privoxy</application> traps any request for its own internal CGI 
   pages (e.g <ulink url="http://p.p/">http://p.p/</ulink>) and sends the CGI page back to the browser.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   Next, <application>Privoxy</application> checks to see if the URL 
   matches any <link
   linkend="BLOCK"><quote>+block</quote></link> patterns. If
   so, the URL is then blocked, and the remote web server will not be contacted.
   <link linkend="HANDLE-AS-IMAGE"><quote>+handle-as-image</quote></link> 
   and 
   <link linkend="HANDLE-AS-EMPTY-DOCUMENT"><quote>+handle-as-empty-document</quote></link>
   are then checked, and if there is no match, an 
   HTML <quote>BLOCKED</quote> page is sent back to the browser. Otherwise, if
   it does match, an image is returned for the former, and an empty text
   document for the latter. The type of image would depend on the setting of
   <link linkend="SET-IMAGE-BLOCKER"><quote>+set-image-blocker</quote></link>
   (blank, checkerboard pattern, or an HTTP redirect to an image elsewhere).
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   Untrusted URLs are blocked. If URLs are being added to the
   <filename>trust</filename> file, then that is done.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   If the URL pattern matches the <link
   linkend="FAST-REDIRECTS"><quote>+fast-redirects</quote></link> action,
   it is then processed. Unwanted parts of the requested URL are stripped.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   Now the rest of the client browser's request headers are processed. If any
   of these match any of the relevant actions (e.g. <link
   linkend="HIDE-USER-AGENT"><quote>+hide-user-agent</quote></link>,
   etc.), headers are suppressed or forged as determined by these actions and
   their parameters.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   Now the web server starts sending its response back (i.e. typically a web
   page).
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   First, the server headers are read and processed to determine, among other
   things, the MIME type (document type) and encoding. The headers are then
   filtered as determined by the 
   <link linkend="CRUNCH-INCOMING-COOKIES"><quote>+crunch-incoming-cookies</quote></link>,
   <link linkend="SESSION-COOKIES-ONLY"><quote>+session-cookies-only</quote></link>,
   and <link linkend="DOWNGRADE-HTTP-VERSION"><quote>+downgrade-http-version</quote></link>
   actions.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   If the <link linkend="KILL-POPUPS"><quote>+kill-popups</quote></link>
   action applies, and it is an HTML or JavaScript document, the popup-code in the
   response is filtered on-the-fly as it is received.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   If any <link linkend="FILTER"><quote>+filter</quote></link> action
   or <link
   linkend="DEANIMATE-GIFS"><quote>+deanimate-gifs</quote></link>
   action applies (and the document type fits the action), the rest of the page is
   read into memory (up to a configurable limit). Then the filter rules (from
   <filename>default.filter</filename> and any other filter files) are
   processed against the buffered content. Filters are applied in the order
   they are specified in one of the filter files. Animated GIFs, if present,
   are reduced to either the first or last frame, depending on the action
   setting.The entire page, which is now filtered, is then sent by
   <application>Privoxy</application> back to your browser. 
  </para>
  <para>
   If neither a <link linkend="FILTER"><quote>+filter</quote></link> action
   or <link
   linkend="DEANIMATE-GIFS"><quote>+deanimate-gifs</quote></link>
   matches, then <application>Privoxy</application> passes the raw data through 
   to the client browser as it becomes available.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 <listitem>
  <para>
   As the browser receives the now (possibly filtered) page content, it 
   reads and then requests any URLs that may be embedded within the page
   source, e.g. ad images, stylesheets, JavaScript, other HTML documents (e.g.
   frames), sounds, etc. For each of these objects, the browser issues a
   separate request (this is easily viewable in <application>Privoxy's</application>
   logs). And each such request is in turn processed just as above. Note that a
   complex web page will have many, many such embedded URLs. If these 
   secondary requests are to a different server, then quite possibly a very 
   differing set of actions is triggered.
  </para>
 </listitem> 
 
 </itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>
 NOTE: This is somewhat of a simplistic overview of what happens with each URL
 request. For the sake of brevity and simplicity, we have focused on 
 <application>Privoxy's</application> core features only.
</para>

</sect2>


<!--   ~~~~~       New section      ~~~~~     -->
<sect2 id="actionsanat">
<title>Troubleshooting: Anatomy of an Action</title>

<para>
 The way <application>Privoxy</application> applies 
 <link linkend="ACTIONS">actions</link> and <link linkend="FILTER">filters</link>
 to any given URL can be complex, and not always so
 easy to understand what is happening. And sometimes we need to be able to
 <emphasis>see</emphasis> just what <application>Privoxy</application> is
 doing. Especially, if something <application>Privoxy</application> is doing
 is causing us a problem inadvertently. It can be a little daunting to look at
 the actions and filters files themselves, since they tend to be filled with
 <link linkend="regex">regular expressions</link> whose consequences are not
 always so obvious. 
</para>

<para>
 One quick test to see if <application>Privoxy</application> is causing a problem 
 or not, is to disable it temporarily. This should be the first troubleshooting 
 step. See <link linkend="bookmarklets">the Bookmarklets</link> section on a quick 
 and easy way to do this (be sure to flush caches afterward!). Looking at the 
 logs is a good idea too. (Note that both the toggle feature and logging are 
 enabled via <filename>config</filename> file settings, and may need to be 
 turned <quote>on</quote>.)
</para>
<para>
 Another easy troubleshooting step to try is if you have done any
 customization of your installation, revert back to the installed
 defaults and see if that helps. There are times the developers get complaints
 about one thing or another, and the problem is more related to a customized
 configuration issue.
</para>

<para>
 <application>Privoxy</application> also provides the 
 <ulink url="http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info">http://config.privoxy.org/show-url-info</ulink>
 page that can show us very specifically how <application>actions</application>
 are being applied to any given URL. This is a big help for troubleshooting.
</para>

<para>
 First, enter one URL (or partial URL) at the prompt, and then
 <application>Privoxy</application> will tell us 
 how the current configuration will handle it. This will not
 help with filtering effects (i.e. the <link
 linkend="FILTER"><quote>+filter</quote></link> action) from
 one of the filter files since this is handled very
 differently and not so easy to trap! It also will not tell you about any other
 URLs that may be embedded within the URL you are testing. For instance, images
 such as ads are expressed as URLs within the raw page source of HTML pages. So
 you will only get info for the actual URL that is pasted into the prompt area
 -- not any sub-URLs. If you want to know about embedded URLs like ads, you
 will have to dig those out of the HTML source. Use your browser's <quote>View
 Page Source</quote> option for this. Or right click on the ad, and grab the
 URL.
</para>

<para>
 Let's try an example, <ulink url="http://google.com">google.com</ulink>, 
 and look at it one section at a time in a sample configuration (your real 
 configuration may vary):
</para>

<para>
 <screen>
 Matches for http://www.google.com:

 In file: default.action <guibutton>[ View ]</guibutton> <guibutton>[ Edit ]</guibutton>

 {+deanimate-gifs {last}
 +fast-redirects {check-decoded-url}
 +filter {refresh-tags}
 +filter {img-reorder}
 +filter {banners-by-size}
 +filter {webbugs}
 +filter {jumping-windows}
 +filter {ie-exploits}
 +hide-forwarded-for-headers
 +hide-from-header {block}
 +hide-referrer {forge}
 +session-cookies-only
 +set-image-blocker {pattern}
/
 
 { -session-cookies-only }
 .google.com

 { -fast-redirects }
 .google.com

In file: user.action <guibutton>[ View ]</guibutton> <guibutton>[ Edit ]</guibutton>
(no matches in this file)  
</screen>
</para>

<para>
 This is telling us how we have defined our 
 <link linkend="ACTIONS"><quote>actions</quote></link>, and
 which ones match for our test case, <quote>google.com</quote>. 
 Displayed is all the actions that are available to us. Remember,
 the <literal>+</literal> sign denotes <quote>on</quote>. <literal>-</literal>
 denotes <quote>off</quote>. So some are <quote>on</quote> here, but many 
 are <quote>off</quote>. Each example we try may provide a slightly different
 end result, depending on our configuration directives.
</para>
<para>
 The first listing
  is for our <filename>default.action</filename> file. The large, multi-line
  listing, is how the actions are set to match for all URLs, i.e. our default
  settings. If you look at your <quote>actions</quote> file, this would be the
  section just below the <quote>aliases</quote> section near the top. This
  will apply to all URLs as signified by the single forward slash at the end
  of the listing -- <quote> / </quote>.
</para>

<para>
 But we have defined additional actions that would be exceptions to these general
 rules, and then we list specific URLs (or patterns) that these exceptions
 would apply to. Last match wins. Just below this then are two explicit
 matches for <quote>.google.com</quote>. The first is negating our previous
 cookie setting, which was for <link
 linkend="SESSION-COOKIES-ONLY"><quote>+session-cookies-only</quote></link>
 (i.e. not persistent). So we will allow persistent cookies for google, at
 least that is how it is in this example. The second turns
 <emphasis>off</emphasis> any <link
 linkend="FAST-REDIRECTS"><quote>+fast-redirects</quote></link>
 action, allowing this to take place unmolested. Note that there is a leading
 dot here -- <quote>.google.com</quote>. This will match any hosts and
 sub-domains, in the google.com domain also, such as
 <quote>www.google.com</quote> or <quote>mail.google.com</quote>. But it would not 
 match <quote>www.google.de</quote>! So, apparently, we have these two actions
 defined as exceptions to the general rules at the top somewhere in the lower
 part of our <filename>default.action</filename> file, and
 <quote>google.com</quote> is referenced somewhere in these latter sections.
</para>

<para>
 Then, for our <filename>user.action</filename> file, we again have no hits.
 So there is nothing google-specific that we might have added to our own, local
 configuration. If there was, those actions would over-rule any actions from 
 previously processed files, such as <filename>default.action</filename>.
 <filename>user.action</filename> typically has the last word. This is the
 best place to put hard and fast exceptions,
</para>

<para>
 And finally we pull it all together in the bottom section and summarize how
 <application>Privoxy</application> is applying all its <quote>actions</quote> 
 to <quote>google.com</quote>:

</para>

<para>
 <screen>

 Final results:
 
 -add-header
 -block
 -client-header-filter{hide-tor-exit-notation}
 -content-type-overwrite
 -crunch-client-header
 -crunch-if-none-match
 -crunch-incoming-cookies
 -crunch-outgoing-cookies
 -crunch-server-header
 +deanimate-gifs {last}
 -downgrade-http-version
 -fast-redirects
 -filter {js-events}
 -filter {content-cookies}
 -filter {all-popups}
 -filter {banners-by-link}
 -filter {tiny-textforms}
 -filter {frameset-borders}
 -filter {demoronizer}
 -filter {shockwave-flash}
 -filter {quicktime-kioskmode}
 -filter {fun}
 -filter {crude-parental}
 -filter {site-specifics}
 -filter {js-annoyances}
 -filter {html-annoyances}
 +filter {refresh-tags}
 -filter {unsolicited-popups}
 +filter {img-reorder}
 +filter {banners-by-size}
 +filter {webbugs}
 +filter {jumping-windows}
 +filter {ie-exploits}
 -filter {google}
 -filter {yahoo}
 -filter {msn}
 -filter {blogspot}
 -filter {no-ping}
 -force-text-mode
 -handle-as-empty-document
 -handle-as-image
 -hide-accept-language
 -hide-content-disposition
 +hide-forwarded-for-headers
 +hide-from-header {block}
 -hide-if-modified-since
 +hide-referrer {forge}
 -hide-user-agent
 -inspect-jpegs
 -kill-popups
 -limit-connect
 -overwrite-last-modified
 -prevent-compression
 -redirect
 -send-vanilla-wafer
 -send-wafer
 -server-header-filter{xml-to-html}
 -server-header-filter{html-to-xml} 
 -session-cookies-only
 +set-image-blocker {pattern}
 -treat-forbidden-connects-like-blocks </screen>
</para>

<para>
 Notice the only difference here to the previous listing, is to 
 <quote>fast-redirects</quote> and <quote>session-cookies-only</quote>,
 which are activated specifically for this site in our configuration, 
 and thus show in the <quote>Final Results</quote>.
</para>

<para>
 Now another example, <quote>ad.doubleclick.net</quote>:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>

 { +block }
  ad*.

 { +block }
  .ad.

 { +block +handle-as-image }
  .[a-vx-z]*.doubleclick.net
</screen>
</para>

<para>
 We'll just show the interesting part here - the explicit matches. It is 
 matched three different times. Two <quote>+block</quote> sections, 
 and a <quote>+block +handle-as-image</quote>,
 which is the expanded form of one of our aliases that had been defined as: 
 <quote>+block-as-image</quote>. (<link
 linkend="ALIASES"><quote>Aliases</quote></link> are defined in
 the first section of the actions file and typically used to combine more 
 than one action.)
</para>

<para>
 Any one of these would have done the trick and blocked this as an unwanted 
 image. This is unnecessarily redundant since the last case effectively 
 would also cover the first. No point in taking chances with these guys 
 though ;-) Note that if you want an ad or obnoxious 
 URL to be invisible, it should be defined as <quote>ad.doubleclick.net</quote>
 is done here -- as both a <link
 linkend="BLOCK"><quote>+block</quote></link>
 <emphasis>and</emphasis> an 
 <link linkend="HANDLE-AS-IMAGE"><quote>+handle-as-image</quote></link>.
 The custom alias <quote><literal>+block-as-image</literal></quote> just
 simplifies the process and make it more readable.
</para>

<para>
 One last example. Let's try <quote>http://www.example.net/adsl/HOWTO/</quote>.
 This one is giving us problems. We are getting a blank page. Hmmm ...
</para>

<para>
 <screen>

 Matches for http://www.example.net/adsl/HOWTO/:

 In file: default.action <guibutton>[ View ]</guibutton> <guibutton>[ Edit ]</guibutton>

 {-add-header 
  -block
  -client-header-filter{hide-tor-exit-notation}
  -content-type-overwrite
  -crunch-client-header
  -crunch-if-none-match
  -crunch-incoming-cookies
  -crunch-outgoing-cookies
  -crunch-server-header
  +deanimate-gifs 
  -downgrade-http-version 
  +fast-redirects {check-decoded-url}
  -filter {js-events}
  -filter {content-cookies}
  -filter {all-popups}
  -filter {banners-by-link}
  -filter {tiny-textforms}
  -filter {frameset-borders}
  -filter {demoronizer}
  -filter {shockwave-flash}
  -filter {quicktime-kioskmode}
  -filter {fun}
  -filter {crude-parental}
  -filter {site-specifics}
  -filter {js-annoyances}
  -filter {html-annoyances}
  +filter {refresh-tags}
  -filter {unsolicited-popups}
  +filter {img-reorder}
  +filter {banners-by-size}
  +filter {webbugs}
  +filter {jumping-windows}
  +filter {ie-exploits}
  -filter {google}
  -filter {yahoo}
  -filter {msn}
  -filter {blogspot}
  -filter {no-ping}
  -force-text-mode
  -handle-as-empty-document
  -handle-as-image 
  -hide-accept-language
  -hide-content-disposition  
  +hide-forwarded-for-headers 
  +hide-from-header{block} 
  +hide-referer{forge} 
  -hide-user-agent 
  -inspect-jpegs
  -kill-popups 
  -overwrite-last-modified
  +prevent-compression 
  -redirect
  -send-vanilla-wafer 
  -send-wafer
  -server-header-filter{xml-to-html}
  -server-header-filter{html-to-xml} 
  +session-cookies-only 
  +set-image-blocker{blank} 
  -treat-forbidden-connects-like-blocks }
   /

 { +block +handle-as-image }
  /ads
</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Ooops, the <quote>/adsl/</quote> is matching <quote>/ads</quote> in our 
 configuration! But we did not want this at all! Now we see why we get the
 blank page. It is actually triggering two different actions here, and 
 the effects are aggregated so that the URL is blocked, and &my-app; is told 
 to treat the block as if it were an image. But this is, of course, all wrong.
  We could now add a new action below this (or better in our own
  <filename>user.action</filename> file) that explicitly
  <emphasis>un</emphasis> blocks (
  <link linkend="BLOCK"><quote>{-block}</quote></link>) paths with
  <quote>adsl</quote> in them (remember, last match in the configuration
  wins). There are various ways to handle such exceptions. Example:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>

 { -block }
  /adsl
</screen>
</para>

<para>
 Now the page displays ;-) 
 Remember to flush your browser's caches when making these kinds of changes to
 your configuration to insure that you get a freshly delivered page! Or, try
 using <literal>Shift+Reload</literal>.
</para>

<para>
 But now what about a situation where we get no explicit matches like 
 we did with:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>

 { +block +handle-as-image }
 /ads
</screen>
</para>

<para>
 That actually was very helpful and pointed us quickly to where the problem
 was. If you don't get this kind of match, then it means one of the default 
 rules in the first section of <filename>default.action</filename> is causing
 the problem. This would require some guesswork, and maybe a little trial and
 error to isolate the offending rule. One likely cause would be one of the
 <link linkend="FILTER"><quote>+filter</quote></link> actions.
 These tend to be harder to troubleshoot.
 Try adding the URL for the site to one of aliases that turn off
 <link linkend="FILTER"><quote>+filter</quote></link>:
</para>

<para>
 <screen>

 { shop }
 .quietpc.com
 .worldpay.com   # for quietpc.com
 .jungle.com
 .scan.co.uk
 .forbes.com
</screen>
</para>

<para>
 <quote><literal>{ shop }</literal></quote> is an <quote>alias</quote> that expands to 
 <quote><literal>{ -filter -session-cookies-only }</literal></quote>.
 Or you could do your own exception to negate filtering:

</para>

<para>
 <screen>

 { -filter }
 # Disable ALL filter actions for sites in this section
 .forbes.com
 developer.ibm.com
 localhost
</screen>
</para>

<para>
 This would turn off all filtering for these sites. This is best
 put in <filename>user.action</filename>, for local site
 exceptions. Note that when a simple domain pattern is used by itself (without
 the subsequent path portion), all sub-pages within that domain are included 
 automatically in the scope of the action.
</para>

<para>
 Images that are inexplicably being blocked, may well be hitting the 
<link linkend="FILTER-BANNERS-BY-SIZE"><quote>+filter{banners-by-size}</quote></link>
 rule, which assumes 
 that images of certain sizes are ad banners (works well 
 <emphasis>most of the time</emphasis>  since these tend to be standardized).
</para>

<para>
 <quote><literal>{ fragile }</literal></quote> is an alias that disables most
 actions that are the most likely to cause trouble. This can be used as a
 last resort for problem sites. 
</para> 
<para>
 <screen>

 { fragile }
 # Handle with care: easy to break
 mail.google.
 mybank.example.com</screen>
</para>
 

<para>
 <emphasis>Remember to flush caches!</emphasis> Note that the 
 <literal>mail.google</literal> reference lacks the TLD portion (e.g. 
 <quote>.com</quote>). This will effectively match any TLD with 
 <literal>google</literal> in it, such as <literal>mail.google.de.</literal>, 
 just as an example.
</para>
<para> 
 If this still does not work, you will have to go through the remaining
 actions one by one to find which one(s) is causing the problem.
</para>

</sect2>

</sect1>

 <!--

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 your option) any later version.

 This program is distributed in the hope that it will
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 The GNU General Public License should be included with
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 http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
 or write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 
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 $Log: user-manual.sgml,v $
 Revision 2.59  2008/02/11 00:52:34  markm68k
 reflect new changes for mac os x

 Revision 2.58  2008/02/03 21:37:40  hal9
 Apply patch from Mark: s/OSX/OS X/

 Revision 2.57  2008/02/03 19:10:14  fabiankeil
 Mention forward-socks5.

 Revision 2.56  2008/01/31 19:11:35  fabiankeil
 Let the +client-header-filter{hide-tor-exit-notation} example apply
 to all requests as "tainted" Referers aren't limited to exit TLDs.

 Revision 2.55  2008/01/19 21:26:37  hal9
 Add IE7 to configuration section per Gerry.

 Revision 2.54  2008/01/19 17:52:39  hal9
 Re-commit to fix various minor issues for new release.

 Revision 2.53  2008/01/19 15:03:05  hal9
 Doc sources tagged for 3.0.8 release.

 Revision 2.52  2008/01/17 01:49:51  hal9
 Change copyright notice for docs s/2007/2008/. All these will be rebuilt soon
 enough.

 Revision 2.51  2007/12/23 16:48:24  fabiankeil
 Use more precise example descriptions for the mysterious domain patterns.

 Revision 2.50  2007/12/08 12:44:36  fabiankeil
 - Remove already commented out pre-3.0.7 changes.
 - Update the "new log defaults" paragraph.

 Revision 2.49  2007/12/06 18:21:55  fabiankeil
 Update hide-forwarded-for-headers description.

 Revision 2.48  2007/11/24 19:07:17  fabiankeil
 - Mention request rewriting.
 - Enable the conditional-forge paragraph.
 - Minor rewordings.

 Revision 2.47  2007/11/18 14:59:47  fabiankeil
 A few "Note to Upgraders" updates.

 Revision 2.46  2007/11/17 17:24:44  fabiankeil
 - Use new action defaults.
 - Minor fixes and rewordings.

 Revision 2.45  2007/11/16 11:48:46  hal9
 Fix one typo, and add a couple of small refinements.

 Revision 2.44  2007/11/15 03:30:20  hal9
 Results of spell check.

 Revision 2.43  2007/11/14 18:45:39  fabiankeil
 - Mention some more contributors in the "New in this Release" list.
 - Minor rewordings.

 Revision 2.42  2007/11/12 03:32:40  hal9
 Updates for "What's New" and "Notes to Upgraders". Various other changes in
 preparation for new release. User Manual is almost ready.

 Revision 2.41  2007/11/11 16:32:11  hal9
 This is primarily syncing What's New and Note to Upgraders sections with the many
 new features and changes (gleaned from memory but mostly from ChangeLog).

 Revision 2.40  2007/11/10 17:10:59  fabiankeil
 In the first third of the file, mention several times that
 the action editor is disabled by default in 3.0.7 beta and later.

 Revision 2.39  2007/11/05 02:34:49  hal9
 Various changes in preparation for the upcoming release. Much yet to be done.

 Revision 2.38  2007/09/22 16:01:42  fabiankeil
 Update embedded show-url-info output.

 Revision 2.37  2007/08/27 16:09:55  fabiankeil
 Fix pre-chroot-nslookup description which I failed to
 copy and paste properly. Reported by Stephen Gildea.

 Revision 2.36  2007/08/26 16:47:14  fabiankeil
 Add Stephen Gildea's pre-chroot-nslookup patch [#1276666],
 extensive comments moved to user manual.

 Revision 2.35  2007/08/26 14:59:49  fabiankeil
 Minor rewordings and fixes.

 Revision 2.34  2007/08/05 15:19:50  fabiankeil
 - Don't claim HTTP/1.1 compliance.
 - Use $ in some of the path pattern examples.
 - Use a hide-user-agent example argument without
   leading and trailing space.
 - Make it clear that the cookie actions work with
   HTTP cookies only.
 - Rephrase the inspect-jpegs text to underline
   that it's only meant to protect against a single
   exploit.

 Revision 2.33  2007/07/27 10:57:35  hal9
 Add references for user-agent strings for hide-user-agenet

 Revision 2.32  2007/06/07 12:36:22  fabiankeil
 Apply Roland's 29_usermanual.dpatch to fix a bunch
 of syntax errors I collected over the last months.

 Revision 2.31  2007/06/02 14:01:37  fabiankeil
 Start to document forward-override{}.

 Revision 2.30  2007/04/25 15:10:36  fabiankeil
 - Describe installation for FreeBSD.
 - Start to document taggers and tag patterns.
 - Don't confuse devils and daemons.

 Revision 2.29  2007/04/05 11:47:51  fabiankeil
 Some updates regarding header filtering,
 handling of compressed content and redirect's
 support for pcrs commands.

 Revision 2.28  2006/12/10 23:42:48  hal9
 Fix various typos reported by Adam P. Thanks.

 Revision 2.27  2006/11/14 01:57:47  hal9
 Dump all docs prior to 3.0.6 release. Various minor changes to faq and user
 manual.

 Revision 2.26  2006/10/24 11:16:44  hal9
 Add new filters.

 Revision 2.25  2006/10/18 10:50:33  hal9
 Add note that since filters are off in Cautious, compression is ON. Turn off
 compression to make filters work on all sites.

 Revision 2.24  2006/10/03 11:13:54  hal9
 More references to the new filters. Include html this time around.

 Revision 2.23  2006/10/02 22:43:53  hal9
 Contains new filter definitions from Fabian, and few other miscellaneous
 touch-ups.

 Revision 2.22  2006/09/22 01:27:55  hal9
 Final commit of probably various minor changes here and there. Unless
 something changes this should be ready for pending release.

 Revision 2.21  2006/09/20 03:21:36  david__schmidt
 Just the tiniest tweak.  Wafer thin!

 Revision 2.20  2006/09/10 14:53:54  hal9
 Results of spell check. User manual has some updates to standard.actions file
 info.

 Revision 2.19  2006/09/08 12:19:02  fabiankeil
 Adjust hide-if-modified-since example values
 to reflect the recent changes.

 Revision 2.18  2006/09/08 02:38:57  hal9
 Various changes:
  -Fix a number of broken links.
  -Migrate the new Windows service command line options, and reference as
   needed.
  -Rebuild so that can be used with the new "user-manual" config capabilities.
  -Etc.

 Revision 2.17  2006/09/05 13:25:12  david__schmidt
 Add Windows service invocation stuff (duplicated) in FAQ and in user manual under Windows startup.  One probably ought to reference the other.

 Revision 2.16  2006/09/02 12:49:37  hal9
 Various small updates for new actions, filterfiles, etc.

 Revision 2.15  2006/08/30 11:15:22  hal9
 More work on the new actions, especially filter-*-headers, and What's New
 section. User Manual is close to final form for 3.0.4 release. Some tinkering
 and proof reading left to do.

 Revision 2.14  2006/08/29 10:59:36  hal9
 Add a "Whats New in this release" Section. Further work on multiple filter
 files, and assorted other minor changes.

 Revision 2.13  2006/08/22 11:04:59  hal9
 Silence warnings and errors. This should build now. New filters were only
 stubbed in. More to be done.

 Revision 2.12  2006/08/14 08:40:39  fabiankeil
 Documented new actions that were part of
 the "minor Privoxy improvements".

 Revision 2.11  2006/07/18 14:48:51  david__schmidt
 Reorganizing the repository: swapping out what was HEAD (the old 3.1 branch)
 with what was really the latest development (the v_3_0_branch branch)

 Revision 1.123.2.43  2005/05/23 09:59:10  hal9
 Fix typo 'loose'

 Revision 1.123.2.42  2004/12/04 14:39:57  hal9
 Fix two minor typos per bug SF report.

 Revision 1.123.2.41  2004/03/23 12:58:42  oes
 Fixed an inaccuracy

 Revision 1.123.2.40  2004/02/27 12:48:49  hal9
 Add comment re: redirecting to local file system for set-image-blocker may
 is dependent on browser.

 Revision 1.123.2.39  2004/01/30 22:31:40  oes
 Added a hint re bookmarklets to Quickstart section

 Revision 1.123.2.38  2004/01/30 16:47:51  oes
 Some minor clarifications

 Revision 1.123.2.37  2004/01/29 22:36:11  hal9
 Updates for no longer filtering text/plain, and demoronizer default settings,
 and copyright notice dates.

 Revision 1.123.2.36  2003/12/10 02:26:26  hal9
 Changed the demoronizer filter description.

 Revision 1.123.2.35  2003/11/06 13:36:37  oes
 Updated link to nightly CVS tarball

 Revision 1.123.2.34  2003/06/26 23:50:16  hal9
 Add a small bit on filtering and problems re: source code being corrupted.

 Revision 1.123.2.33  2003/05/08 18:17:33  roro
 Use apt-get instead of dpkg to install Debian package, which is more
 solid, uses the correct and most recent Debian version automatically.

 Revision 1.123.2.32  2003/04/11 03:13:57  hal9
 Add small note about only one filterfile (as opposed to multiple actions
 files).

 Revision 1.123.2.31  2003/03/26 02:03:43  oes
 Updated hard-coded copyright dates

 Revision 1.123.2.30  2003/03/24 12:58:56  hal9
 Add new section on Predefined Filters.

 Revision 1.123.2.29  2003/03/20 02:45:29  hal9
 More problems with \-\-chroot causing markup problems :(

 Revision 1.123.2.28  2003/03/19 00:35:24  hal9
 Manual edit of revision log because 'chroot' (even inside a comment) was
 causing Docbook to hang here (due to double hyphen and the processor thinking
 it was a comment).

 Revision 1.123.2.27  2003/03/18 19:37:14  oes
 s/Advanced|Radical/Adventuresome/g to avoid complaints re fun filter

 Revision 1.123.2.26  2003/03/17 16:50:53  oes
 Added documentation for new chroot option

 Revision 1.123.2.25  2003/03/15 18:36:55  oes
 Adapted to the new filters

 Revision 1.123.2.24  2002/11/17 06:41:06  hal9
 Move default profiles table from FAQ to U-M, and other minor related changes.
 Add faq on cookies.

 Revision 1.123.2.23  2002/10/21 02:32:01  hal9
 Updates to the user.action examples section. A few new ones.

 Revision 1.123.2.22  2002/10/12 00:51:53  hal9
 Add demoronizer to filter section.

 Revision 1.123.2.21  2002/10/10 04:09:35  hal9
 s/Advanced/Radical/ and added very brief note.

 Revision 1.123.2.20  2002/10/10 03:49:21  hal9
 Add notes to session-cookies-only and Quickstart about pre-existing
 cookies. Also, note content-cookies work differently.

 Revision 1.123.2.19  2002/09/26 01:25:36  hal9
 More explanation on Privoxy patterns, more on content-cookies and SSL.

 Revision 1.123.2.18  2002/08/22 23:47:58  hal9
 Add 'Documentation' to Privoxy Menu shot in Configuration section to match
 CGIs.

 Revision 1.123.2.17  2002/08/18 01:13:05  hal9
 Spell checked (only one typo this time!).

 Revision 1.123.2.16  2002/08/09 19:20:54  david__schmidt
 Update to Mac OS X startup script name

 Revision 1.123.2.15  2002/08/07 17:32:11  oes
 Converted some internal links from ulink to link for PDF creation; no content changed

 Revision 1.123.2.14  2002/08/06 09:16:13  oes
 Nits re: actions file download

 Revision 1.123.2.13  2002/08/02 18:23:19  g_sauthoff
 Just 2 small corrections to the Gentoo sections

 Revision 1.123.2.12  2002/08/02 18:17:21  g_sauthoff
 Added 2 Gentoo sections

 Revision 1.123.2.11  2002/07/26 15:20:31  oes
 - Added version info to title
 - Added info on new filters
 - Revised parts of the filter file tutorial
 - Added info on where to get updated actions files

 Revision 1.123.2.10  2002/07/25 21:42:29  hal9
 Add brief notes on not proxying non-HTTP protocols.

 Revision 1.123.2.9  2002/07/11 03:40:28  david__schmidt

 Updated Mac OS X sections due to installation location change

 Revision 1.123.2.8  2002/06/09 16:36:32  hal9
 Clarifications on filtering and MIME. Hardcode 'latest release' in index.html.

 Revision 1.123.2.7  2002/06/09 00:29:34  hal9
 Touch ups on filtering, in actions section and Anatomy.

 Revision 1.123.2.6  2002/06/06 23:11:03  hal9
 Fix broken link. Linkchecked all docs.

 Revision 1.123.2.5  2002/05/29 02:01:02  hal9
 This is break out of the entire config section from u-m, so it can
 eventually be used to generate the comments, etc in the main config file
 so that these are in sync with each other.

 Revision 1.123.2.4  2002/05/27 03:28:45  hal9
 Ooops missed something from David.

 Revision 1.123.2.3  2002/05/27 03:23:17  hal9
 Fix FIXMEs for OS2 and Mac OS X startup. Fix Redhat typos (should be Red Hat).
 That's a wrap, I think.

 Revision 1.123.2.2  2002/05/26 19:02:09  hal9
 Move Amiga stuff around to take of FIXME in start up section.

 Revision 1.123.2.1  2002/05/26 17:04:25  hal9
 -Spellcheck, very minor edits, and sync across branches

 Revision 1.123  2002/05/24 23:19:23  hal9
 Include new image (Proxy setup). More fun with guibutton.
 Minor corrections/clarifications here and there.

 Revision 1.122  2002/05/24 13:24:08  oes
 Added Bookmarklet for one-click pre-filled access to show-url-info

 Revision 1.121  2002/05/23 23:20:17  oes
  - Changed more (all?) references to actions to the
    <literal><link> style.
  - Small fixes in the actions chapter
  - Small clarifications in the quickstart to ad blocking
  - Removed <emphasis> from <title>s since the new doc CSS
    renders them red (bad in TOC).

 Revision 1.120  2002/05/23 19:16:43  roro
 Correct Debian specials (installation and startup).

 Revision 1.119  2002/05/22 17:17:05  oes
 Added Security hint

 Revision 1.118  2002/05/21 04:54:55  hal9
 -New Section: Quickstart to Ad Blocking
 -Reformat Actions Anatomy to match new CGI layout

 Revision 1.117  2002/05/17 13:56:16  oes
  - Reworked & extended Templates chapter
  - Small changes to Regex appendix
  - #included authors.sgml into (C) and hist chapter

 Revision 1.116  2002/05/17 03:23:46  hal9
 Fixing merge conflict in Quickstart section.

 Revision 1.115  2002/05/16 16:25:00  oes
 Extended the Filter File chapter & minor fixes

 Revision 1.114  2002/05/16 09:42:50  oes
 More ulink->link, added some hints to Quickstart section

 Revision 1.113  2002/05/15 21:07:25  oes
 Extended and further commented the example actions files

 Revision 1.112  2002/05/15 03:57:14  hal9
 Spell check. A few minor edits here and there for better syntax and
 clarification.

 Revision 1.111  2002/05/14 23:01:36  oes
 Fixing the fixes   

 Revision 1.110  2002/05/14 19:10:45  oes
 Restored alphabetical order of actions

 Revision 1.109  2002/05/14 17:23:11  oes
 Renamed the prevent-*-cookies actions, extended aliases section and moved it before the example AFs

 Revision 1.108  2002/05/14 15:29:12  oes
 Completed proofreading the actions chapter

 Revision 1.107  2002/05/12 03:20:41  hal9
 Small clarifications for 127.0.0.1 vs localhost for listen-address since this
 apparently an important distinction for some OS's.

 Revision 1.106  2002/05/10 01:48:20  hal9
 This is mostly proposed copyright/licensing additions and changes. Docs
 are still GPL, but licensing and copyright are more visible. Also, copyright
 changed in doc header comments (eliminate references to JB except FAQ).

 Revision 1.105  2002/05/05 20:26:02  hal9
 Sorting out license vs copyright in these docs.

 Revision 1.104  2002/05/04 08:44:45  swa
 bumped version

 Revision 1.103  2002/05/04 00:40:53  hal9
 -Remove the TOC first page kludge. It's fixed proper now in ldp.dsl.in.
 -Some minor additions to Quickstart.

 Revision 1.102  2002/05/03 17:46:00  oes
 Further proofread & reactivated short build instructions

 Revision 1.101  2002/05/03 03:58:30  hal9
 Move the user-manual config directive to top of section. Add note about
 Privoxy needing read permissions for configs, and write for logs.

 Revision 1.100  2002/04/29 03:05:55  hal9
 Add clarification on differences of new actions files.

 Revision 1.99  2002/04/28 16:59:05  swa
 more structure in starting section

 Revision 1.98  2002/04/28 05:43:59  hal9
 This is the break up of configuration.html into multiple files. This
 will probably break links elsewhere :(

 Revision 1.97  2002/04/27 21:04:42  hal9
 -Rewrite of Actions File example.
 -Add section for user-manual directive in config.

 Revision 1.96  2002/04/27 05:32:00  hal9
 -Add short section to Filter Files to tie in with +filter action.
 -Start rewrite of examples in Actions Examples (not finished).

 Revision 1.95  2002/04/26 17:23:29  swa
 bookmarks cleaned, changed structure of user manual, screen and programlisting cleanups, and numerous other changes that I forgot

 Revision 1.94  2002/04/26 05:24:36  hal9
 -Add most of Andreas suggestions to Chain of Events section.
 -A few other minor corrections and touch up.

 Revision 1.92  2002/04/25 18:55:13  hal9
 More catchups on new actions files, and new actions names.
 Other assorted cleanups, and minor modifications.

 Revision 1.91  2002/04/24 02:39:31  hal9
 Add 'Chain of Events' section.

 Revision 1.90  2002/04/23 21:41:25  hal9
 Linuxconf is deprecated on RH, substitute chkconfig.

 Revision 1.89  2002/04/23 21:05:28  oes
 Added hint for startup on Red Hat

 Revision 1.88  2002/04/23 05:37:54  hal9
 Add AmigaOS install stuff.

 Revision 1.87  2002/04/23 02:53:15  david__schmidt
 Updated Mac OS X installation section
 Added a few English tweaks here an there

 Revision 1.86  2002/04/21 01:46:32  hal9
 Re-write actions section.

 Revision 1.85  2002/04/18 21:23:23  hal9
 Fix ugly typo (mine).

 Revision 1.84  2002/04/18 21:17:13  hal9
 Spell Redhat correctly (ie Red Hat). A few minor grammar corrections.

 Revision 1.83  2002/04/18 18:21:12  oes
 Added RPM install detail

 Revision 1.82  2002/04/18 12:04:50  oes
 Cosmetics

 Revision 1.81  2002/04/18 11:50:24  oes
 Extended Install section - needs fixing by packagers

 Revision 1.80  2002/04/18 10:45:19  oes
 Moved text to buildsource.sgml, renamed some filters, details

 Revision 1.79  2002/04/18 03:18:06  hal9
 Spellcheck, and minor touchups.

 Revision 1.78  2002/04/17 18:04:16  oes
 Proofreading part 2

 Revision 1.77  2002/04/17 13:51:23  oes
 Proofreading, part one

 Revision 1.76  2002/04/16 04:25:51  hal9
 -Added 'Note to Upgraders' and re-ordered the 'Quickstart' section.
 -Note about proxy may need requests to re-read config files.

 Revision 1.75  2002/04/12 02:08:48  david__schmidt
 Remove OS/2 building info... it is already in the developer-manual

 Revision 1.74  2002/04/11 00:54:38  hal9
 Add small section on submitting actions.

 Revision 1.73  2002/04/10 18:45:15  swa
 generated

 Revision 1.72  2002/04/10 04:06:19  hal9
 Added actions feedback  to Bookmarklets section

 Revision 1.71  2002/04/08 22:59:26  hal9
 Version update. Spell chkconfig correctly :)

 Revision 1.70  2002/04/08 20:53:56  swa
 ?

 Revision 1.69  2002/04/06 05:07:29  hal9
 -Add privoxy-man-page.sgml, for man page.
 -Add authors.sgml for AUTHORS (and p-authors.sgml)
 -Reworked various aspects of various docs.
 -Added additional comments to sub-docs.

 Revision 1.68  2002/04/04 18:46:47  swa
 consistent look. reuse of copyright, history et. al.

 Revision 1.67  2002/04/04 17:27:57  swa
 more single file to be included at multiple points. make maintaining easier

 Revision 1.66  2002/04/04 06:48:37  hal9
 Structural changes to allow for conditional inclusion/exclusion of content
 based on entity toggles, e.g. 'entity % p-not-stable  "INCLUDE"'. And
 definition of internal entities, e.g. 'entity p-version "2.9.13"' that will
 eventually be set by Makefile.
 More boilerplate text for use across multiple docs.

 Revision 1.65  2002/04/03 19:52:07  swa
 enhance squid section due to user suggestion

 Revision 1.64  2002/04/03 03:53:43  hal9
 A few minor bug fixes, and touch ups. Ready for review.

 Revision 1.63  2002/04/01 16:24:49  hal9
 Define entities to include boilerplate text. See doc/source/*.

 Revision 1.62  2002/03/30 04:15:53  hal9
 - Fix privoxy.org/config links.
 - Paste in Bookmarklets from Toggle page.
 - Move Quickstart nearer top, and minor rework.

 Revision 1.61  2002/03/29 01:31:08  hal9
 Minor update.

 Revision 1.60  2002/03/27 01:57:34  hal9
 Added more to Anatomy section.

 Revision 1.59  2002/03/27 00:54:33  hal9
 Touch up intro for new name.

 Revision 1.58  2002/03/26 22:29:55  swa
 we have a new homepage!

 Revision 1.57  2002/03/24 20:33:30  hal9
 A few minor catch ups with name change.

 Revision 1.56  2002/03/24 16:17:06  swa
 configure needs to be generated.

 Revision 1.55  2002/03/24 16:08:08  swa
 we are too lazy to make a block-built
 privoxy logo. hence removed the option.

 Revision 1.54  2002/03/24 15:46:20  swa
 name change related issue.

 Revision 1.53  2002/03/24 11:51:00  swa
 name change. changed filenames.

 Revision 1.52  2002/03/24 11:01:06  swa
 name change

 Revision 1.51  2002/03/23 15:13:11  swa
 renamed every reference to the old name with foobar.
 fixed "application foobar application" tag, fixed
 "the foobar" with "foobar". left junkbustser in cvs
 comments and remarks to history untouched.

 Revision 1.50  2002/03/23 05:06:21  hal9
 Touch up.

 Revision 1.49  2002/03/21 17:01:05  hal9
 New section in Appendix.

 Revision 1.48  2002/03/12 06:33:01  hal9
 Catching up to Andreas and re_filterfile changes.

 Revision 1.47  2002/03/11 13:13:27  swa
 correct feedback channels

 Revision 1.46  2002/03/10 00:51:08  hal9
 Added section on JB internal pages in Appendix.

 Revision 1.45  2002/03/09 17:43:53  swa
 more distros

 Revision 1.44  2002/03/09 17:08:48  hal9
 New section on Jon's actions file editor, and move some stuff around.

 Revision 1.43  2002/03/08 00:47:32  hal9
 Added imageblock{pattern}.

 Revision 1.42  2002/03/07 18:16:55  swa
 looks better

 Revision 1.41  2002/03/07 16:46:43  hal9
 Fix a few markup problems for jade.

 Revision 1.40  2002/03/07 16:28:39  swa
 provide correct feedback channels

 Revision 1.39  2002/03/06 16:19:28  hal9
 Note on perceived filtering slowdown per FR.

 Revision 1.38  2002/03/05 23:55:14  hal9
 Stupid I did it again. Double hyphen in comment breaks jade.

 Revision 1.37  2002/03/05 23:53:49  hal9
 jade barfs on '- -' embedded in comments. - -user option broke it.

 Revision 1.36  2002/03/05 22:53:28  hal9
 Add new - - user option.

 Revision 1.35  2002/03/05 00:17:27  hal9
 Added section on command line options.

 Revision 1.34  2002/03/04 19:32:07  oes
 Changed default port to 8118

 Revision 1.33  2002/03/03 19:46:13  hal9
 Emphasis on where/how to report bugs, etc

 Revision 1.32  2002/03/03 09:26:06  joergs
 AmigaOS changes, config is now loaded from PROGDIR: instead of
 AmiTCP:db/junkbuster/ if no configuration file is specified on the
 command line.

 Revision 1.31  2002/03/02 22:45:52  david__schmidt
 Just tweaking

 Revision 1.30  2002/03/02 22:00:14  hal9
 Updated 'New Features' list. Ran through spell-checker.

 Revision 1.29  2002/03/02 20:34:07  david__schmidt
 Update OS/2 build section

 Revision 1.28  2002/02/24 14:34:24  jongfoster
 Formatting changes.  Now changing the doctype to DocBook XML 4.1
 will work - no other changes are needed.

 Revision 1.27  2002/01/11 14:14:32  hal9
 Added a very short section on Templates

 Revision 1.26  2002/01/09 20:02:50  hal9
 Fix bug re: auto-detect config file changes.

 Revision 1.25  2002/01/09 18:20:30  hal9
 Touch ups for *.action files.

 Revision 1.24  2001/12/02 01:13:42  hal9
 Fix typo.

 Revision 1.23  2001/12/02 00:20:41  hal9
 Updates for recent changes.

 Revision 1.22  2001/11/05 23:57:51  hal9
 Minor update for startup now daemon mode.

 Revision 1.21  2001/10/31 21:11:03  hal9
 Correct 2 minor errors

 Revision 1.18  2001/10/24 18:45:26  hal9
 *** empty log message ***

 Revision 1.17  2001/10/24 17:10:55  hal9
 Catching up with Jon's recent work, and a few other things.

 Revision 1.16  2001/10/21 17:19:21  swa
 wrong url in documentation

 Revision 1.15  2001/10/14 23:46:24  hal9
 Various minor changes. Fleshed out SEE ALSO section.

 Revision 1.13  2001/10/10 17:28:33  hal9
 Very minor changes.

 Revision 1.12  2001/09/28 02:57:04  hal9
 Ditto :/

 Revision 1.11  2001/09/28 02:25:20  hal9
 Ditto.

 Revision 1.9  2001/09/27 23:50:29  hal9
 A few changes. A short section on regular expression in appendix.

 Revision 1.8  2001/09/25 00:34:59  hal9
 Some additions, and re-arranging.

 Revision 1.7  2001/09/24 14:31:36  hal9
 Diddling.

 Revision 1.6  2001/09/24 14:10:32  hal9
 Including David's OS/2 installation instructions.

 Revision 1.2  2001/09/13 15:27:40  swa
 cosmetics

 Revision 1.1  2001/09/12 15:36:41  swa
 source files for junkbuster documentation

 Revision 1.3  2001/09/10 17:43:59  swa
 first proposal of a structure.

 Revision 1.2  2001/06/13 14:28:31  swa
 docs should have an author.

 Revision 1.1  2001/06/13 14:20:37  swa
 first import of project's documentation for the webserver.

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